ANA-specific antibodies, ANA patterns, anti-ds-DNA results, and clinical diagnosis: a laboratory and clinical audit

The diagnosis of systemic autoimmune diseases (SAID) is challenging, due to overlapping features with other non-immune disorders. Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA)/anti-cellular antibodies are the sensitive screening tests but anti-double-stranded-deoxyribonucleic acid-antibody (anti-ds-DNA) and ANA-spe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunologic research 2023-04, Vol.71 (2), p.267-275
Main Authors: Anis, Sabiha, Fatima, Areej, Abdul Jabbar, Sidra, Arain, Tayyab
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergology
Antibodies
Antibodies, Antinuclear - analysis
Antibodies, Antinuclear - immunology
Autoantibodies
Autoantibodies - analysis
Autoantibodies - immunology
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune Diseases - diagnosis
Autoimmune Diseases - immunology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Chi-square test
Chronic conditions
Clinical Audit
Connective tissue diseases
Connective tissues
Cost analysis
Data analysis
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diagnosis
DNA
DNA - analysis
DNA - immunology
Humans
Immunology
Internal Medicine
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - diagnosis
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - immunology
Medicine/Public Health
Original Article
Patients
Redundancy
Retrospective Studies
Sjogren's syndrome
Systemic lupus erythematosus
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Summary:The diagnosis of systemic autoimmune diseases (SAID) is challenging, due to overlapping features with other non-immune disorders. Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA)/anti-cellular antibodies are the sensitive screening tests but anti-double-stranded-deoxyribonucleic acid-antibody (anti-ds-DNA) and ANA-specific antibodies are specific for SAID. We aimed to look at ANA-specific antibodies in our patients and correlated them with ANA patterns, anti-ds-DNA, and clinical diagnosis for proper interpretation and better patient management cost-effectively. A retrospective data analysis of 641 patients was done (1st of February 2019 to 31st of July 2021) who were tested for ANA-specific antibodies at the Immunology Department of Indus Hospital and Health Network. ANA and anti-ds-DNA results and clinical diagnosis were also analyzed for ANA-specific antibody-positive patients. Descriptive data were presented in mean ± standard deviation and frequency percentages whereas inferential data were analyzed with a chi-square test for association between ANA-specific antibodies status, ANA, anti-ds-DNA, and clinical features. ANA-specific antibodies test revealed positivity for at least one autoantibody in 245 (38.2%) patients. Of these, ANA was tested in 206 patients reactive for ANA-specific antibodies and found positive in 195 (95%) as compared to negative (
ISSN:0257-277X
1559-0755
DOI:10.1007/s12026-022-09347-z