Adjuvant radiation therapy and health-related quality of life among older women with early-stage endometrial cancer: an analysis using the SEER-MHOS linkage

• Published in: Cancer causes & control 2023-03, Vol.34 (3), p.223-231
• Main Authors: Park, Jihye, Kent, Erin E., Lund, Jennifer L., Anderson, Chelsea, Olshan, Andrew F., Brewster, Wendy R., Nichols, Hazel B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Brachytherapy; Cancer; Cancer Research; Clinical trials; Confidence intervals; Endometrial cancer; Endometrial Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Endometrium; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Female; Government programs; Health services; Health surveys; Hematology; Humans; Least squares method; Linkage analysis; Medicare; Mental health; Neoplasm Staging; Older people; Oncology; Original Paper; Polls & surveys; Public Health; Quality of Life; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant - methods; Signs and symptoms; Statistical analysis; Surgery; Surveys; United States - epidemiology
• ISSN: 0957-5243; 1573-7225
• DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01658-8

Purpose Radiation therapy (RT) has been associated with decreased health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in clinical trials of early-stage endometrial cancer (EC), but few studies have examined the association in real-world settings. We assessed HRQOL associated with adjuvant RT for older women with early-stage EC within a large U.S. population-based registry resource. Methods The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results and the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey linkage (1998–2017) was used to identify women with early-stage EC aged ≥ 65 years at survey who received surgery and were diagnosed ≥ 1-year prior ( n  = 1,140). HRQOL was evaluated with the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) until 2006 and the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) post 2006. Ordinary least squares regression was used to estimate mean difference (MD) in T scores and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing treatment groups (surgery alone, adjuvant external beam radiation therapy [EBRT], or adjuvant vaginal brachytherapy [VBT]) after accounting for confounders using propensity score weighting. Results Overall, RT was not associated with physical health (MD = 0.97; 95% CI = − 1.13, 3.07) or mental health (MD = − 0.78; 95% CI = − 2.60, 1.05) relative to surgery alone. In analyses by RT type, adjuvant VBT was associated with better general health on the SF-36/VR-12 subscale (MD = 3.59; 95% CI = 0.56, 6.62) relative to surgery alone. No statistically significant associations were observed for adjuvant VBT and physical or mental health, or for adjuvant EBRT and any HRQOL domain. Conclusion Older women with early-stage EC treated with adjuvant RT did not report worse physical and mental HRQOL scores compared to those treated with surgery alone, though relevant symptoms should be evaluated further to fully understand the disease and treatment specific aspects of the HRQOL.