Epigenetic alterations in glioblastomas: Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic relevance

Glioblastoma, the most common and heterogeneous tumor affecting brain parenchyma, is dismally characterized by a very poor prognosis. Thus, the search of new, more effective treatments is a vital need. Here, we will review the druggable epigenetic features of glioblastomas that are, indeed, currentl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of cancer 2023-08, Vol.153 (3), p.476-488
Main Authors: Montella, Liliana, Cuomo, Mariella, Del Gaudio, Nunzio, Buonaiuto, Michela, Costabile, Davide, Visconti, Roberta, Di Risi, Teodolinda, Vinciguerra, Roberta, Trio, Federica, Ferraro, Sara, Bove, Guglielmo, Facchini, Gaetano, Altucci, Lucia, Chiariotti, Lorenzo, Della Monica, Rosa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics
Brain Neoplasms - diagnosis
Brain Neoplasms - genetics
Brain Neoplasms - therapy
Brain tumors
Cancer
Clinical trials
DNA Methylation
DNA Modification Methylases - genetics
DNA Repair Enzymes - genetics
Drug delivery
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetics
Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma - diagnosis
Glioblastoma - genetics
Glioblastoma - therapy
histone modifications
Histones
Humans
Medical research
molecular classification
Mutation
Parenchyma
Prognosis
targeted therapy
Tumor Suppressor Proteins - genetics
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Summary:Glioblastoma, the most common and heterogeneous tumor affecting brain parenchyma, is dismally characterized by a very poor prognosis. Thus, the search of new, more effective treatments is a vital need. Here, we will review the druggable epigenetic features of glioblastomas that are, indeed, currently explored in preclinical studies and in clinical trials for the development of more effective, personalized treatments. In detail, we will review the studies that have led to the identification of epigenetic signatures, IDH mutations, MGMT gene methylation, histone modification alterations, H3K27 mutations and epitranscriptome landscapes of glioblastomas, in each case discussing the corresponding targeted therapies and their potential efficacy. Finally, we will emphasize how recent technological improvements permit to routinely investigate many glioblastoma epigenetic biomarkers in clinical practice, further enforcing the hope that personalized drugs, targeting specific epigenetic features, could be in future a therapeutic option for selected patients.
ISSN:0020-7136
1097-0215
DOI:10.1002/ijc.34381