Magnetic resonance imaging of disorders with white matter changes in children and adolescents: a pictorial essay

White matter changes are seen in a spectrum of disorders in children and adolescents. Understanding their distribution and appearance helps to reach diagnoses in daily radiologic practice. This pictorial essay will outline the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of diseases with white matte...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric radiology 2023-05, Vol.53 (6), p.1188-1206
Main Authors: Kwok, Po Lam, Lai, Alta Y. T., Lai, Billy M. H., Luk, Shiobhon Y., Tang, Kendrick Y. K., Wong, Wendy W. C., Khoo, Jennifer L. S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adolescents
Autoimmune diseases
Child
Children
Clinical aspects
Cytokines
Demyelinating diseases
Demyelinating Diseases - diagnosis
Demyelinating Diseases - pathology
Demyelination
Disease
Disorders
Encephalomyelitis
Humans
Imaging
Leukodystrophy
Leukoencephalopathies - diagnostic imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Medical imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mitochondria
Multiple sclerosis
Nervous system
Neurocutaneous Syndromes
Neuroradiology
Nuclear Medicine
Oncology
Pediatrics
Pictorial Essay
Radiology
Signs and symptoms
Substantia alba
Teenagers
Ultrasound
White Matter - diagnostic imaging
White Matter - pathology
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Description
Summary:White matter changes are seen in a spectrum of disorders in children and adolescents. Understanding their distribution and appearance helps to reach diagnoses in daily radiologic practice. This pictorial essay will outline the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of diseases with white matter changes including demyelinating diseases, dysmyelinating disorders/leukodystrophies, infections, autoimmune diseases, vascular causes, mitochondrial disorders and neurocutaneous syndromes, along with a brief overview of clinical aspects of the diseases such as typical age of presentation, etiology, symptoms and signs and treatment options. This article highlights important features in common white matter diseases in children and adolescents.
ISSN:1432-1998
0301-0449
1432-1998
DOI:10.1007/s00247-022-05580-8