Age- and Gender-Specific Prevalence of Intellectually Disabled Population in India

Intellectual disability in India is substantially under-reported, especially amongst females. This study quantifies the prevalence and gender bias in household reporting of intellectual disability by estimating the age-and-gender specific prevalence of the intellectually disabled by education, Socio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2024-04, Vol.54 (4), p.1594-1604
Main Authors: Kapoor, Mudit, Ambade, Mayanka, Ravi, Shamika, Subramanian, S. V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Age groups
Autism
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Child and School Psychology
Education
Estimates
Females
Gender
Gender differences
Intellectual disabilities
Intellectually disabled people
Learning disabilities
Males
Mental disorders
Neurosciences
Original Paper
Pediatrics
People with disabilities
Population
Prevalence
Psychology
Public Health
Residence
Sex differences
Sex discrimination
Sexism
Sociodemographics
Stigma
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Summary:Intellectual disability in India is substantially under-reported, especially amongst females. This study quantifies the prevalence and gender bias in household reporting of intellectual disability by estimating the age-and-gender specific prevalence of the intellectually disabled by education, Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) score, place of residence, (rural/urban) and income of household head. We estimated prevalence (per 100,000) at 179 (95% CI: 173 to 185) for males and 120 (95% CI: 115 to 125) for females. Gender differences declined sharply with increased education, was higher for lower ages and low income and varied little by state development. Under-identification and under-reporting due to stigma are two plausible reasons for the gender differences in prevalence that increase with age.
ISSN:0162-3257
1573-3432
DOI:10.1007/s10803-022-05849-9