Localization of ictal Islamic rituals: Study of epilepsy center in Makkah

•Ictal semiology is important for the lateralization and localization of seizures.•Different Islamic rituals can be seen in association with focal seizure.•Ictal religious rituals are generally localized to the right temporal lobe, although exceptions are possible. Ictal semiology is important to ai...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Epilepsy & behavior 2023-02, Vol.139, p.109067-109067, Article 109067
Main Authors: Alkhotani, Amal M., Abualela, Hanadi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ceremonial Behavior
Electroencephalography
Epilepsy
Epilepsy - complications
Epilepsy - diagnosis
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe
Humans
Islamic ritual
Localization
Retrospective Studies
Seizures - diagnosis
Seizures - psychology
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Summary:•Ictal semiology is important for the lateralization and localization of seizures.•Different Islamic rituals can be seen in association with focal seizure.•Ictal religious rituals are generally localized to the right temporal lobe, although exceptions are possible. Ictal semiology is important to aid the diagnosis of seizure type. Patients frequently require admission to an epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) to reach a correct diagnosis of epilepsy type. Some patients may exhibit unusual ictal phenomena that can lead to the diagnosis of psychogenic seizures. Unusual ictal phenomena include ictal kissing, praying, and drinking. Ictal religious speech and praying are other examples of unusual ictal phenomena. This study aims to assess the localization value of ictal Islamic rituals. We retrospectively reviewed all patients admitted to the EMU at King Abdullah Medical City in Makkah between 2017 and 2021. Patients with ictal Islamic rituals were included in the study. Nine out of the 279 cases admitted to the EMU have different ictal Islamic rituals. Some patients exhibited multiple Islamic rituals during their seizures. Six patients performed Islamic religious speech, including asking Allah to help, asking for forgiveness, and making basmala (in the name of Allah). Three patients exhibited self-immunization patterns (tahseen). Three patients repeatedly raised their right index fingers (shahada movements). All nine patients had seizures originating from the right temporal lobe. Islamic rituals are rare ictal phenomena localized to the right temporal lobe.
ISSN:1525-5050
1525-5069
DOI:10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.109067