Deletion of GABAB receptors from Kiss1 cells affects glucose homeostasis without altering reproduction in male mice

• Published in: American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism 2023-04, Vol.324 (4), p.E314-E329
• Main Authors: Di Giorgio, Noelia P, Bizzozzero-Hiriart, Marianne, Surkin, Pablo N, Repetto, Esteban, Bonaventura, María M, Tabares, Florencia N, Bourguignon, Nadia S, Converti, Ayelén, Gomez, Juan M Riaño, Bettler, Bernhard, Lux-Lantos, Victoria
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Amygdala; Animals; Arcuate nucleus; Blood glucose; Body weight; Butyric acid; Central nervous system; Deletion; Estradiol - metabolism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism; Genotypes; Glucose; Homeostasis; Immunofluorescence; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Insulin Resistance - genetics; Insulins; Kiss1 protein; Kisspeptins - genetics; Kisspeptins - metabolism; Liver; Male; Males; Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Organs; Pancreas; Periventricular nucleus; Pituitary; Receptors; Reproduction; Reproduction - genetics; Stria terminalis; Testes; Testosterone; γ-Aminobutyric acid B receptors
• ISSN: 0193-1849; 1522-1555
• DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00129.2022

Kisspeptin and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), synthesized in the central nervous system, are critical for reproduction. Both are also expressed in peripheral organs/tissues critical to metabolic control (liver/pancreas/adipose). Many kisspeptin neurons coexpress GABAB receptors (GABABR) and GABA controls kisspeptin expression and secretion. We developed a unique mouse lacking GABABR exclusively from kisspeptin cells/neurons ( -GABAB1KO) to evaluate the impact on metabolism/reproduction. We confirmed selective deletion of GABABR from cells in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus/periventricular nucleus continuum (AVPV/PeN; immunofluorescence and PCR) and arcuate nucleus (ARC), medial amygdala (MeA), pituitary, liver, and testes (PCR). Young -GABAB1KO males were fertile, with normal LH and testosterone. expression was similar between genotypes in AVPV/PeN, ARC, MeA, bed nucleus of the (BNST), and peripheral organs (testis, liver, pituitary). -GABAB1KO males presented higher fasted glycemia and insulin levels, an impaired response to a glucose overload, reduced insulin sensitivity, and marked insulin resistance. Interestingly, when -GABAB1KO males got older (9 mo old) their body weight (BW) increased, in part due to an increase in white adipose tissue (WAT). Old -GABAB1KO males showed higher fasted insulin, increased pancreatic insulin content, insulin resistance, and significantly decreased pancreatic kisspeptin levels. In sum, lack of GABABR specifically in cells severely impacts glucose homeostasis in male mice, reinforcing kisspeptin involvement in metabolic regulation. These alterations in glucose homeostasis worsened with aging. We highlight the impact of GABA through GABABR in the regulation of the pancreas kisspeptin system in contrast to liver kisspeptin that was not affected. We developed a unique mouse lacking GABAB receptors specifically in cells to evaluate the impact on reproduction and metabolism. Knockout males showed a severe impact on glucose homeostasis, which worsened with aging. These results reinforce the proposed kisspeptin involvement in metabolic regulation and highlight the impact of GABA through GABABR in the regulation of the peripheral pancreas kisspeptin system.