Mesenchymal condensation in tooth development and regeneration: a focus on translational aspects of organogenesis

The teeth are vertebrate-specific, highly specialized organs performing fundamental functions of mastication and speech, the maintenance of which is crucial for orofacial homeostasis and is further linked to systemic health and human psychosocial well-being. However, with limited ability for self-re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiological reviews 2023-07, Vol.103 (3), p.1899-1964
Main Authors: Sui, Bing-Dong, Zheng, Chen-Xi, Zhao, Wan-Min, Xuan, Kun, Li, Bei, Jin, Yan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bone Regeneration
Epithelium
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
Mastication
Mesoderm - growth & development
Morphogenesis
Odontogenesis
Organogenesis
Pattern formation
Regenerative medicine
Teeth
Tissue engineering
Tissue Engineering - methods
Tooth - growth & development
Tooth Loss - therapy
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Summary:The teeth are vertebrate-specific, highly specialized organs performing fundamental functions of mastication and speech, the maintenance of which is crucial for orofacial homeostasis and is further linked to systemic health and human psychosocial well-being. However, with limited ability for self-repair, the teeth can often be impaired by traumatic, inflammatory, and progressive insults, leading to high prevalence of tooth loss and defects worldwide. Regenerative medicine holds the promise to achieve physiological restoration of lost or damaged organs, and in particular an evolving framework of developmental engineering has pioneered functional tooth regeneration by harnessing the odontogenic program. As a key event of tooth morphogenesis, mesenchymal condensation dictates dental tissue formation and patterning through cellular self-organization and signaling interaction with the epithelium, which provides a representative to decipher organogenetic mechanisms and can be leveraged for regenerative purposes. In this review, we summarize how mesenchymal condensation spatiotemporally assembles from dental stem cells (DSCs) and sequentially mediates tooth development. We highlight condensation-mimetic engineering efforts and mechanisms based on ex vivo aggregation of DSCs, which have achieved functionally robust and physiologically relevant tooth regeneration after implantation in animals and in humans. The discussion of this aspect will add to the knowledge of development-inspired tissue engineering strategies and will offer benefits to propel clinical organ regeneration.
ISSN:0031-9333
1522-1210
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00019.2022