A higher resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular event risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without known cardiovascular disease

A higher resting heart rate (RHR) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between RHR and cardiovascular events in T2DM patients with diabetic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Hypertension research 2023-05, Vol.46 (5), p.1090-1099
Main Authors: Ikeda, Shota, Shinohara, Keisuke, Enzan, Nobuyuki, Matsushima, Shouji, Tohyama, Takeshi, Funakoshi, Kouta, Kishimoto, Junji, Itoh, Hiroshi, Komuro, Issei, Tsutsui, Hiroyuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications
Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic Retinopathy - epidemiology
Diabetic Retinopathy - etiology
Heart rate
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Hyperlipidemia
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
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Summary:A higher resting heart rate (RHR) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between RHR and cardiovascular events in T2DM patients with diabetic retinopathy and without known cardiovascular disease. We analyzed the association between RHR and cardiovascular events, including coronary, cerebral, renal and vascular events or cardiovascular death in T2DM patients with retinopathy and hyperlipidemia without prior cardiovascular events who were enrolled in the EMPATHY study. Data from 4746 patients were analyzed. The median RHR was 76 bpm. Patients were divided into four groups based on their baseline RHR ( 
ISSN:0916-9636
1348-4214
DOI:10.1038/s41440-023-01178-1