Superexchange Liquefaction of Strongly Correlated Lattice Dipolar Bosons

• Published in: Physical review letters 2023-01, Vol.130 (2), p.023602-023602, Article 023602
• Main Authors: Morera, Ivan, Ołdziejewski, Rafał, Astrakharchik, Grigori E, Juliá-Díaz, Bruno
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0031-9007; 1079-7114
• DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.023602

We propose a mechanism for liquid formation in strongly correlated lattice systems. The mechanism is based on an interplay between long-range attraction and superexchange processes. As an example, we study dipolar bosons in one-dimensional optical lattices. We present a perturbative theory and validate it in comparison with full density-matrix renormalization group simulations for the energetic and structural properties of different phases of the system, i.e., self-bound Mott insulator, liquid, and gas. We analyze the nonequilibrium properties and calculate the dynamic structure factor. Its structure differs in compressible and insulating phases. In particular, the low-energy excitations in compressible phases are linear phonons. We extract the speed of sound and analyze its dependence on dipolar interaction and density. We show that it exhibits a nontrivial behavior owing to the breaking of Galilean invariance. We argue that an experimental detection of this previously unknown quantum liquid could provide a fingerprint of the superexchange process and open intriguing possibilities for investigating non-Galilean invariant liquids.