Core single nucleotide polymorphism analysis reveals transmission of Mycobacterium marinum between animal and environmental sources in two aquaria

Mycobacterium marinum is a slow‐growing, photochromogenic nontuberculous mycobacterium, which can cause mycobacteriosis in various animals, including humans. Several cases of fish mycobacteriosis have been reported to date. Mycobacterium marinum has also been isolated from aquatic environmental sour...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of fish diseases 2023-05, Vol.46 (5), p.507-516
Main Authors: Komine, Takeshi, Srivorakul, Saralee, Yoshida, Mitsumi, Tanaka, Yoshiaki, Sugimoto, Yuma, Inohana, Mari, Fukano, Hanako, Hoshino, Yoshihiko, Kurata, Osamu, Wada, Shinpei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Animals
Aquaria
aquarium
Aquariums
Biofilms
environment
Epidemiology
Fish
Fish Diseases - microbiology
Fishes - microbiology
Gene sequencing
Genomes
Humans
Husbandry diseases
Invertebrates
molecular epidemiology
Mycobacteriosis
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - epidemiology
Mycobacterium marinum
Natural environment
Nucleotides
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Polymorphism
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Sand
Sea grasses
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
transmission
Water
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Summary:Mycobacterium marinum is a slow‐growing, photochromogenic nontuberculous mycobacterium, which can cause mycobacteriosis in various animals, including humans. Several cases of fish mycobacteriosis have been reported to date. Mycobacterium marinum has also been isolated from aquatic environmental sources such as water, sand, biofilms, and plants in the natural environments. Hence, we hypothesized that a wide variety of sources could be involved in the transmission of M. marinum. In this study, we tested this hypothesis by isolating M. marinum from various sources such as fish, invertebrates, seagrass, periphytons, biofilms, sand, and/or water in two aquaria in Japan and conducting a phylogenetic analysis based on single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using whole‐genome sequences of the isolated strains. The analysis revealed that the strains from animal and environmental sources belonged to the same clusters. This molecular‐based study epidemiologically confirmed that various sources, including fish, invertebrates, and environmental sources, could be involved in transmission of M. marinum in a closed‐rearing environment. This is the first report where M. marinum was isolated from different sources, and various transmission routes were confirmed in actual cases, which provided essential information to improve the epidemiology of M. marinum.
ISSN:0140-7775
1365-2761
DOI:10.1111/jfd.13762