SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleocapsid: Biological functions and implication for disease diagnosis and vaccine design

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is transmitted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and has affected millions of people all around the world, leading to more than 6.5 million deaths. The nucleocapsid (N) phosphoprotein plays important roles in modulating v...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reviews in medical virology 2023-05, Vol.33 (3), p.e2431-n/a
Main Authors: Maghsood, Faezeh, Ghorbani, Ahmad, Yadegari, Hamidreza, Golsaz‐Shirazi, Forough, Amiri, Mohammad Mehdi, Shokri, Fazel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Cell cycle
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - diagnosis
COVID-19 Testing
COVID-19 Vaccines
diagnosis
Epitope mapping
Humans
Immune response (cell-mediated)
Immune response (humoral)
Innate immunity
Lymphocytes T
N protein
nucleocapsid
Nucleocapsid - metabolism
Nucleocapsid Proteins - chemistry
Nucleocapsid Proteins - metabolism
Nucleocapsids
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Structure-function relationships
vaccine
Vaccines
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Summary:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is transmitted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and has affected millions of people all around the world, leading to more than 6.5 million deaths. The nucleocapsid (N) phosphoprotein plays important roles in modulating viral replication and transcription, virus‐infected cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and regulation of host innate immunity. As an immunodominant protein, N protein induces strong humoral and cellular immune responses in COVID‐19 patients, making it a key marker for studying N‐specific B cell and T cell responses and the development of diagnostic serological assays and efficient vaccines. In this review, we focus on the structural and functional features and the kinetic and epitope mapping of B cell and T cell responses against SARS‐CoV‐2 N protein to extend our understanding on the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic immunological tests and effective vaccines.
ISSN:1052-9276
1099-1654
DOI:10.1002/rmv.2431