Clinical and prognostic features of multiple primary cancers with oral squamous cell carcinoma

• Published in: Archives of oral biology 2023-05, Vol.149, p.105661-105661, Article 105661
• Main Authors: Cai, Xinjia, Zhang, Jianyun, Jing, Fengyang, Zhou, Xuan, Zhang, Heyu, Li, Tiejun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology; Clinical features; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Mouth Neoplasms - epidemiology; Multiple primary cancer; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - epidemiology; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; Prognosis; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
• ISSN: 0003-9969; 1879-1506
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105661

To characterize the epidemiological, clinical, and prognostic features of multiple primary cancers (MPC) following oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database were analyzed to determine the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of multiple subsequent sites, difference in clinical and prognostic features between MPC and single primary OSCC. The sites with the highest SIRs were the oral cavity (SIR = 69.48), other oral cavity and pharynx (SIR=55.46), pharynx (SIR=39.21), tonsils (SIR=33.52), trachea (SIR=33.24), esophagus (SIR=18.00), and larynx (SIR=13.12). The 5- and 10-year survival rates for single primary OSCC were 57.9% (95% CI: 56.7–59.2%) and 47.1% (95% CI: 45.7–48.6%), respectively, while those for MPC were 66.9% (95% CI: 64.6–69.4%) and 42.2% (95% CI: 39.5–45.2%), respectively. The mean age of MPC patients was significantly higher than that of single primary OSCC patients. MPC are more common in the gums and other sites of the oral cavity, and more likely to be detected in early TNM stage and pathological grade. Age, site, T-stage, and N-stage were significantly associated with prognosis of MPC. Significant differences in clinical and prognostic features were found between MPC and single primary OSCC. Considering MPC has a poor long-term prognosis, it is necessary to identify MPC and single primary OSCC early. •Multiple primary cancer accounts for 19.35% of oral squamous cell carcinoma.•Oral squamous cell carcinoma increased the risk of malignancy in other sites.•Most of multiple primary cancers were found at early TNM stage.•The prognosis of multiple primary cancer was different from single primary cancer.•Age, site, T- and N-stage were related with prognosis of multiple primary cancers.