Photodynamic therapy reduces cell viability, migration and triggers necroptosis in prostate tumor cells

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in American men, aside from skin cancer. As an alternative cancer treatment, photodynamic laser therapy (PDT) can be used to induce cell death. We evaluated the PDT effect, using methylene blue as a photosensitizer, in human prostate tumor cells (PC3). PC3 w...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Photochemical & photobiological sciences 2023-06, Vol.22 (6), p.1341-1356
Main Authors: de Melo Gomes, Laura Calazans, de Oliveira Cunha, Amanda Branquinho, Peixoto, Luiz Felipe Fernandes, Zanon, Renata Graciele, Botelho, Françoise Vasconcelos, Silva, Marcelo José Barbosa, Pinto-Fochi, Maria Etelvina, Góes, Rejane Maira, de Paoli, Flávia, Ribeiro, Daniele Lisboa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biochemistry
Biomaterials
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Original Papers
Physical Chemistry
Plant Sciences
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in American men, aside from skin cancer. As an alternative cancer treatment, photodynamic laser therapy (PDT) can be used to induce cell death. We evaluated the PDT effect, using methylene blue as a photosensitizer, in human prostate tumor cells (PC3). PC3 were subjected to four different conditions: DMEM (control); laser treatment (L—660 nm, 100 mW, 100 J.cm −2 ); methylene blue treatment (MB—25 μM, 30 min), and MB treatment followed by low-level red laser irradiation (MB-PDT). Groups were evaluated after 24 h. MB-PDT treatment reduced cell viability and migration. However, because MB-PDT did not significantly increase the levels of active caspase-3 and BCL-2, apoptosis was not the primary mode of cell death. MB-PDT, on the other hand, increased the acid compartment by 100% and the LC3 immunofluorescence (an autophagy marker) by 254%. Active MLKL level, a necroptosis marker, was higher in PC3 cells after MB-PDT treatment. Furthermore, MB-PDT resulted in oxidative stress due to a decrease in total antioxidant potential, catalase levels, and increased lipid peroxidation. According to these findings, MB-PDT therapy is effective at inducing oxidative stress and reducing PC3 cell viability. In such therapy, necroptosis is also an important mechanism of cell death triggered by autophagy. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:1474-905X
1474-9092
DOI:10.1007/s43630-023-00382-9