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Defect profile and microstructural development in SnO2-based varistors
The influence of Co3O4, ZnO, MnO2, Sb2O3, and Nb2O5 on microstructural development, secondary phase formation, lattice volume, defect structure and electrical behaviour of SnO2 was studied. The stabilised valence state of the added ions in the SnO2 lattice was also analysed. It was found that cobalt...
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Published in: | Journal of the European Ceramic Society 2003-09, Vol.23 (10), p.1585-1591 |
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Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The influence of Co3O4, ZnO, MnO2, Sb2O3, and Nb2O5 on microstructural development, secondary phase formation, lattice volume, defect structure and electrical behaviour of SnO2 was studied. The stabilised valence state of the added ions in the SnO2 lattice was also analysed. It was found that cobalt, zinc and manganese stabilise as Co+2, Zn+2 and Mn+2 in the lattice, favouring oxygen vacancy formation and then grain growth and potential barrier formation. Sb2O3 or Nb2O5 reduces the total oxygen vacancy concentration and grain growth. Sb2O3 addition favours CoSnO3 particle formation, while Nb2O5 favours the formation of particles with an intermediate composition between CoSnO3 and Co2SnO4 in systems with Co3O4. These particles could also control the sintering and grain growth rates. 24 refs. |
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ISSN: | 0955-2219 1873-619X |
DOI: | 10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00405-3 |