The emerging diagnostic and therapeutic roles of small nucleolar RNAs in lung diseases

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules that range from 60 to 300 nucleotides in length and are primarily located in the nucleoli of cells. They play a critical role in modifying ribosomal RNA and can also regulate alternative splicing and posttranscriptional modification of mRNA...

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Published in:Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy 2023-05, Vol.161, p.114519-114519, Article 114519
Main Authors: Liu, Xiaoying, Ali, Md Khadem, Zhao, Lan, Dua, Kamal, Mao, Yuqiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
COPD
COVID-19
COVID-19 Testing
Humans
Lung cancer
Lung Neoplasms - genetics
Pulmonary hypertension
RNA, Messenger
RNA, Small Nucleolar - genetics
RNA, Small Nucleolar - metabolism
snoRNAs
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Summary:Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules that range from 60 to 300 nucleotides in length and are primarily located in the nucleoli of cells. They play a critical role in modifying ribosomal RNA and can also regulate alternative splicing and posttranscriptional modification of mRNA. Alterations in snoRNA expression can affect numerous cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation, making them a promising target for diagnostics and treatment of various human pathologies. Recent evidence suggests that abnormal snoRNA expression is strongly associated with the development and progression of several lung diseases, such as lung cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary hypertension, as well as COVID-19. While few studies have shown a causal relationship between snoRNA expression and disease onset, this research field presents exciting opportunities for identifying new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung disease. This review discusses the emerging role and molecular mechanisms of snoRNAs in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, focusing on research opportunities, clinical studies, biomarkers, and therapeutic potential. [Display omitted] •snoRNAs, which are non-coding RNAs with functional roles.•snoRNAs regulate rRNA processing and maturation.•altered snoRNAs expression is found in the lung of patients with lung diseases.•altered snoRNAs expression plays significant roles in lung diseases.•snoRNAs have biomarker and therapeutic potential for lung disease.
ISSN:0753-3322
1950-6007
DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114519