An optimization of fungal chitin grafted polyaniline for ammonia gas detection via Box Behnken design

In this work, chitin (Ch) was chemically extracted from wild mushrooms and then grafted to polyaniline (PANI) to form a composite (Ch-g-PANI) to detect ammonia (NH3) gas. The Ch-g-PANI was comprehensively characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of biological macromolecules 2023-05, Vol.238, p.124079-124079, Article 124079
Main Authors: Sambasevam, Kavirajaa Pandian, Sateria, Syafarina Farisa, Baharin, Siti Nor Atika, Azman, Nur Jannah, Ahmad Wakid, Sarini, Shahabuddin, Syed
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonia - analysis
Aniline Compounds - chemistry
Chitin
Gas sensor
Gases - analysis
Mushroom chitin
PANI
Response surface methodology
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Summary:In this work, chitin (Ch) was chemically extracted from wild mushrooms and then grafted to polyaniline (PANI) to form a composite (Ch-g-PANI) to detect ammonia (NH3) gas. The Ch-g-PANI was comprehensively characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The NH3 gas detection optimization was evaluated using Box-Behnken Design. Typically, physical factors such as (A)film layer, (B)loading %, and (C)contact time were investigated and validated through the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA revealed that dual interactions between (A)film layer - (C)contact time, and (B)loading % - (C)contact time are among the significant factors. By considering these significant interactions, the highest sensitivity was obtained when (A)film layer (3), (B)loading (5 %), and (C)contact time (10 min) in NH3 gas detection. Then, the optimized Ch-g-PANI was tested in the linear range of NH3 gas concentration from 10 to 50 ppm, which resulted in a linear calibration curve with R2 = 0.994 and a detection limit of 15.03 ppm. Sensor performances showed that Ch-g-PANI films possess high selectivity for NH3 gas among the common interfering gases and the film can be reused for up to 6 cycles. Therefore, the new mushroom-sourced Ch-g-PANI is an inexpensive and economical sensor in the NH3 gas sensor field.
ISSN:0141-8130
1879-0003
DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124079