Shigellosis attended in the emergency department of a regional hospital in southeastern Spain: from their presence to multiresistance

In the bacterial etiology of severe acute infectious diarrhea, except that caused by Clostridioides difficile, most of them have an invasive character and antibiotic treatment will be necessary in specific situations. Shigella is a classic pathogen, in which it is crucial to know the sensitivity to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista española de quimioterapia 2023-06, Vol.36 (3), p.282-290
Main Authors: Rodríguez-Guerrero, E, Herrera-León, S, Gómez-Vicente, E, Navarro-Marí, J M, Gutiérrez-Fernández, J
Format: Article
Language:eng ; spa
Subjects:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Child
Diarrhea - drug therapy
Diarrhea - epidemiology
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Dysentery, Bacillary - drug therapy
Dysentery, Bacillary - epidemiology
Dysentery, Bacillary - microbiology
Emergency Service, Hospital
Humans
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Retrospective Studies
Spain - epidemiology
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Summary:In the bacterial etiology of severe acute infectious diarrhea, except that caused by Clostridioides difficile, most of them have an invasive character and antibiotic treatment will be necessary in specific situations. Shigella is a classic pathogen, in which it is crucial to know the sensitivity to different classic and alternative antimicrobials. The objective of this work was to analyze the presence of shigellosis and the rate of antibiotic resistance. A descriptive-retrospective study of the reports of shigellosis of stool cultures issued between January 2016 and April 2022 was conducted. A total of 34 episodes (16 -47.1%- by Shigella sonnei) were observed, as of 2018. There were only 2 pediatric cases. The overall resistance rate to azithromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin was 52.9%, 64.7% and 44.1%, respectively. 26.5% were resistant to the 3 groups of antibiotics. There was a higher rate of resistance for S. sonnei. The emergence of resistance to cephalosporins in recent years stands out. Episodes of multidrug-resistant shigellosis were detected between 2020 (1 by S. flexneri) and 2022 (4 by S. sonnei). The episodes of shigellosis are emerging in our environment with a higher rate of multi-resistance. In this context, current empirical treatments for acute enteroinvasive enteritis are at risk of failure, if necessary.
ISSN:0214-3429
1988-9518
DOI:10.37201/req/121.2022