Pressure losses in the laminar flow of shear-thinning power-law fluids across a sudden axisymmetric expansion

• Published in: The International journal of heat and fluid flow 2003-10, Vol.24 (5), p.747-761
• Main Authors: Pinho, F.T, Oliveira, P.J, Miranda, J.P
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Exact sciences and technology; Flows in ducts, channels, nozzles, and conduits; Fluid dynamics; Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications); Non-newtonian fluid flows; Physics; Pressure loss; Recirculation length; Shear thinning; Sudden expansion
• ISSN: 0142-727X; 1879-2278
• DOI: 10.1016/S0142-727X(03)00083-3

A numerical investigation was carried out to study the laminar non-Newtonian flow through an axisymmetric sudden expansion having a diameter ratio of 1 to 2.6. The fluids were inelastic and shear thinning with a viscosity obeying the power law model. The recirculation length and strength and, most importantly, the local loss coefficient C I were quantified as a function of the inlet pipe Reynolds number and shear-thinning intensity. When using the generalised Reynolds number introduced by Metzner and Reed [AIChEJ 1 (1955) 434] ( Re gen), at low Reynolds numbers C I increased by more than 100% when n varied from 1.0 to 0.2, whereas C I decreased by more than 50% at high Reynolds numbers. However, this feature was shown to be related to the definition of the Reynolds number. A correlation between C I, Re gen and n is presented at the end.