Lactobacillus rhamnosus and L. plantarum Combination Treatment Ameliorated Colitis Symptoms in a Mouse Model by Altering Intestinal Microbial Composition and Suppressing Inflammatory Response

• Published in: Molecular nutrition & food research 2023-06, Vol.67 (11), p.e2200340-n/a
• Main Authors: Liu, Yangyang, Zhang, Heng, Xie, Aowen, Sun, Jingzhou, Yang, Huiqing, Li, Jinshan, Li, Yingjun, Chen, Fei, Mei, Yuxia, Liang, Yunxiang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abundance; Animals; Colitis; Colitis - chemically induced; Colitis - drug therapy; Colitis - metabolism; Colon - metabolism; Composition; Dextran; Dextran Sulfate - toxicity; Dextrans; Disease Models, Animal; Fatty acids; Humans; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Inflammatory response; intestinal barrier; intestinal immune response; intestinal microbiota; Intestine; Intestines; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus plantarum - metabolism; Lipopolysaccharides; Medical treatment; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microorganisms; Signal transduction; Signs and symptoms; Sodium sulfate; TLR4 protein; Toll-like receptors; Weight loss
• ISSN: 1613-4125; 1613-4133
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200340

Scope Changes in composition of intestinal microbes may disrupt the balance of their interaction with a susceptible host, resulting in development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods and results The study applied in combination two Lactobacillus strains (L. rhamnosus BY‐02, L. plantarum BY‐05) (“LS treatment”), previously isolates from feces of healthy human infants, in a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis, and evaluates their ameliorative effect and its possible mechanism. LS treatment suppresses weight loss and colon shortening, and reduces disease activity index in the mice. It also has several additional beneficial effects: i) maintains goblet cell numbers and ameliorates intestinal barrier damage in colonic tissue; ii) alters intestinal microbial composition close to normal by increasing abundances of Muribaculaceae, Akkermansia, Clostridia, Oscillospiraceae, and Lachnospiraceae, and decreasing abundance of Escherichia‐Shigella; iii) increases content of short‐chain fatty acids; iv) reduces content of pro‐inflammatory lipopolysaccharides; v) suppresses overactivation of TLR4/NF‐κB inflammatory signaling pathway. Conclusion Combination treatment with two Lactobacillus strains strongly ameliorates colitis symptoms in the mouse model by favorably altering intestinal microbial composition and suppressing inflammatory response. Combined application of two Lactobacillus relieves colitis symptoms in the model by enhancing intestinal barrier integrity, reducing inflammation, and restoring intestinal microbes and their metabolites to near‐normal levels.