Effect of short-course radiotherapy followed by oxaliplatin-based consolidation chemotherapy on organ preservation in locally advanced rectal cancer

Purpose We analyzed the effectiveness, safety, and mid-term oncological outcomes of short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) and oxaliplatin-based consolidation chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Methods We retrospectively evaluated 64 patients with LARC who underwent SCRT...

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Published in:International journal of colorectal disease 2023-04, Vol.38 (1), p.92-92, Article 92
Main Authors: Liao, Chun-Kai, Kuo, Ya-Ting, Hsu, Yu-Jen, Chern, Yih-Jong, Yu, Yen-Lin, Lin, Yueh-Chen, Hsieh, Pao-Shiu, Chiang, Jy-Ming, Yeh, Chien‐Yuh, You, Jeng-Fu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - adverse effects
Cancer
Chemoradiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Colorectal cancer
Consolidation Chemotherapy
Development and progression
Fluorouracil
Fluorouracil - therapeutic use
Gastroenterology
Health aspects
Hepatology
Humans
Internal Medicine
Leucovorin
Leucovorin - therapeutic use
Male
Medical colleges
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metastasis
Middle Aged
Mortality
Neoadjuvant Therapy - adverse effects
Neoplasm Staging
Organ Preservation
Oxaliplatin
Patient compliance
Proctology
Radiotherapy
Rectal Neoplasms - drug therapy
Retrospective Studies
Surgery
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:Purpose We analyzed the effectiveness, safety, and mid-term oncological outcomes of short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) and oxaliplatin-based consolidation chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Methods We retrospectively evaluated 64 patients with LARC who underwent SCRT and tegafox (tegafur–uracil/leucovorin plus oxaliplatin) or mFOLFOX-6 (5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) consolidation chemotherapy before surgery between January 2015 and December 2020. Tumor response, patient compliance, toxicity, surgical outcomes, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. Results Sixty-four patients with a mean age of 58.67 years (44 males) were included; 48 (75%) had tumors within 5 cm of the anal verge. Additionally, 93.8% of the patients underwent at least 2 months of chemotherapy, and three required dose reduction. Grade III toxicity occurred in 2 patients, and 10 had a clinical complete response and opted for non-operative management. One patient experienced tumor progression and underwent further treatment without surgery. Among the 53 patients who underwent surgery, 51 (96.2%) had sphincter preservation, 3 had Clavien–Dindo grade III complications, and no mortality occurred. The complete response rate for the entire cohort was 23.4%. Moreover, 47 patients (74.6%) had a neoadjuvant rectal score of 
ISSN:1432-1262
0179-1958
1432-1262
DOI:10.1007/s00384-023-04388-8