Acute and sub-acute dermal toxicity of meloxicam emulgel: Analysis of biochemical, hematological, histopathological and immunohistochemical expression

Meloxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Despite being more effective against pain mediated by inflammation, it is associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal toxicity. In the current study, acute single-dose (2000 mg/kg) and suba...

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Published in:Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2023-06, Vol.660, p.88-95
Main Authors: Jyothi, Vaskuri G.S Sainaga, Veerabomma, Harithasree, Tryphena, Kamatham Pushpa, Khatri, Dharmendra Kumar, Singh, Shashi Bala, Madan, Jitender
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute toxicity
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - toxicity
Hematology
Histopathology
Immunohistochemistry
Meloxicam
Meloxicam emulgel
Osteoarthritis - drug therapy
Pain - drug therapy
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Subacute toxicity
Thiazines - toxicity
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Summary:Meloxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Despite being more effective against pain mediated by inflammation, it is associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal toxicity. In the current study, acute single-dose (2000 mg/kg) and subacute (500, 1000, and 2000 mg kg−1 for 28 days) dermal toxicity analyses of meloxicam emulgel were conducted in Wistar rats. Various biochemical, hematological, histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters were evaluated. The dermal LD50 (lethal dose) of meloxicam emulgel was found to be > 2000 mg/kg. No significant adverse effects of meloxicam emulgel following topical administration in subacute toxicity studies were noticed. IL-1β was not expressed post treatment with meloxicam emulgel. IL-1β is an influential pro-inflammatory cytokine that is decisive for host-defence consequence to injury and infection. Therefore, using data gleaned from the extant study, topical administration of meloxicam emulgel may be regarded as safe as the “no observed adverse effect level” (NOAEL) was >2000 mg/kg in experimental animals. [Display omitted] •Meloxicam emulgel did not exhibit any clinical symptoms in acute toxicity study.•Meloxicam emulgel did induce any toxicity in repeated dose toxicity study.•Meloxicam emulgel did not induce any irritation and erythema multiforme in skin.
ISSN:0006-291X
1090-2104
DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.001