Oral Administration of Mixed Probiotics Improves Photoaging by Modulating the Cecal Microbiome and MAPK Pathway in UVB‐Irradiated Hairless Mice

• Published in: Molecular nutrition & food research 2023-06, Vol.67 (12), p.e2200841-n/a
• Main Authors: Seo, Eunsol, Song, Hee Ho, Kim, Heebal, Kim, Byung‐Yong, Park, ShinJae, Suh, Hyung Joo, Ahn, Yejin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cecum; Erythema; Fibroblasts; Hairless; Inflammation; Intestinal microflora; Kinases; MAP kinase; MAPK; Matrix metalloproteinase; Matrix metalloproteinases; microbiome; Microbiomes; mixed probiotics; Moisture effects; Oral administration; p38 Protein; Phosphorylation; photoaging; Probiotics; Proteins; Relative abundance; Signal transduction; Signaling; Skin; skin barrier function; ultraviolet B; Water loss; Western blotting
• ISSN: 1613-4125; 1613-4133
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200841

Scope Continuous ultraviolet (UV) exposure causes skin photoaging, wrinkle formation, and skin barrier damage. In this study, the protective effect of mixed probiotics (MP) against photoaging in UVB‐irradiated Hs68 fibroblasts and SKH‐1 hairless mice is investigated. Methods and results The mice are irradiated with UVB for 8 weeks to induce photoaging, and MP (15 and 50 mg day−1) is orally administered once a day. Skin parameters are measured in the dorsal skin and wrinkle formation factors are analyzed in skin replicas. To evaluate the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, western blotting and qRT‐PCR are performed. MP (50 mg day−1) significantly improves skin moisture, transepidermal water loss, erythema, and skin thickness. MP also effectively suppresses wrinkle formation by regulating the transcriptional expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs. MP also reduces inflammatory cytokine levels and phosphorylation of extracellular signaling regulatory kinase, Jun N‐terminal kinase, and p38 protein. Furthermore, the intestinal microbiome of the MP groups is significantly different compared with that of the UVB group, and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia is significantly increased. Conclusion Collectively, these findings suggest that MP modulates the gut microbiome and ameliorates UVB‐induced photoaging by downregulating the MAPK pathway. Mixed probiotics reduces wrinkle formation caused by UVB irradiation, and improves skin parameters. Administration of mixed probiotics suppresses the expression of MMP through downregulation of the MAPK pathway, thereby restoring UVB‐induced collagen degradation. Increased oxidative stress and inflammatory response due to UVB irradiation, as well as intestinal microbiome changes are ameliorated by mixed probiotics administration.