Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis with Allopurinol Plus Itraconazole in Iran

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a serious tropical disease and a neglected health challenge in Iran. Although limited data are available regarding anthroponotic CL, cases resistant to meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) are increasingly being reported. Via an open-label noncontrolled case series, all...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2023-06, Vol.108 (6), p.1164-1166
Main Authors: Mashayekhi Goyonlo, Vahid, Derakhshan, Zahra, Darchini-Maragheh, Emadodin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allopurinol - therapeutic use
Antiprotozoal Agents - therapeutic use
Humans
Iran
Itraconazole - therapeutic use
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - pathology
Meglumine - therapeutic use
Meglumine Antimoniate - therapeutic use
Organometallic Compounds - therapeutic use
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a serious tropical disease and a neglected health challenge in Iran. Although limited data are available regarding anthroponotic CL, cases resistant to meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) are increasingly being reported. Via an open-label noncontrolled case series, allopurinol (10 mg/kg/day) plus itraconazole (3-4 mg/kg/day) were orally administered for 1 month to 27 patients (56 lesions) with anthroponotic CL, most of whom were resistant to Glucantime. A mean lesion size of 3.5 ± 1.9 cm at baseline was reduced to 0.6 ± 1.0 after 1 month of treatment. Excellent treatment response was observed in 85.7% of lesions after 1 month. Recurrence only occurred in one patient in the 3-month follow-up session. This study presents preliminary evidence that oral allopurinol plus itraconazole could be an effective treatment in patients with anthroponotic CL.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.22-0733