Structure-Controlled Carbon Hosts for Dendrite-Free Aqueous Zinc Batteries

The surging demand for environmental-friendly and safe electrochemical energy storage systems has driven the development of aqueous zinc (Zn)-ion batteries (ZIBs). However, metallic Zn anodes suffer from severe dendrite growth and large volume change, resulting in a limited lifetime for aqueous ZIB...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Germany), 2023-09, Vol.19 (36), p.e2302334-e2302334
Main Authors: Lee, Kyungbin, Lee, Young Jun, Lee, Michael J, Han, Junghun, Ryu, Kun, Kwon, Jeong An, Kim, Eun Ji, Kang, Hyewon, Kim, Byung-Hyun, Kim, Bumjoon J, Lee, Seung Woo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anodes
Carbon
Defects
Density functional theory
Energy storage
Nanotechnology
Nucleation
Storage systems
Zinc
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Summary:The surging demand for environmental-friendly and safe electrochemical energy storage systems has driven the development of aqueous zinc (Zn)-ion batteries (ZIBs). However, metallic Zn anodes suffer from severe dendrite growth and large volume change, resulting in a limited lifetime for aqueous ZIB applications. Here, it is shown that 3D mesoporous carbon (MC) with controlled carbon and defect configurations can function as a highly reversible and dendrite-free Zn host, enabling the stable operation of aqueous ZIBs. The MC host has a structure-controlled architecture that contains optimal sp -carbon and defect sites, which results in an improved initial nucleation energy barrier and promotes uniform Zn deposition. As a consequence, the MC host shows outstanding Zn plating/stripping performance over 1000 cycles at 2 mA cm and over 250 cycles at 6 mA cm in asymmetric cells. Density functional theory calculations further reveal the role of the defective sp -carbon surface in Zn adsorption energy. Moreover, a full cell based on Zn@MC900 anode and V O cathode exhibits remarkable rate performance and cycling stability over 3500 cycles. These results establish a structure-mechanism-performance relationship of the carbon host as a highly reversible Zn anode for the reliable operation of ZIBs.
ISSN:1613-6810
1613-6829
DOI:10.1002/smll.202302334