Skeletal muscle omics signatures in cancer cachexia: perspectives and opportunities

Abstract Cachexia is a life-threatening complication of cancer that occurs in up to 80% of patients with advanced cancer. Cachexia reflects the systemic consequences of cancer and prominently features unintended weight loss and skeletal muscle wasting. Cachexia impairs cancer treatment tolerance, lo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs 2023-05, Vol.2023 (61), p.30-42
Main Authors: Gilmore, L Anne, Parry, Traci L, Thomas, Gwendolyn A, Khamoui, Andy V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cachexia - complications
Cachexia - etiology
Humans
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Muscular Atrophy - complications
Muscular Atrophy - etiology
Neoplasms - complications
Neoplasms - pathology
Quality of Life
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Summary:Abstract Cachexia is a life-threatening complication of cancer that occurs in up to 80% of patients with advanced cancer. Cachexia reflects the systemic consequences of cancer and prominently features unintended weight loss and skeletal muscle wasting. Cachexia impairs cancer treatment tolerance, lowers quality of life, and contributes to cancer-related mortality. Effective treatments for cancer cachexia are lacking despite decades of research. High-throughput omics technologies are increasingly implemented in many fields including cancer cachexia to stimulate discovery of disease biology and inform therapy choice. In this paper, we present selected applications of omics technologies as tools to study skeletal muscle alterations in cancer cachexia. We discuss how comprehensive, omics-derived molecular profiles were used to discern muscle loss in cancer cachexia compared with other muscle-wasting conditions, to distinguish cancer cachexia from treatment-related muscle alterations, and to reveal severity-specific mechanisms during the progression of cancer cachexia from early toward severe disease.
ISSN:1052-6773
1745-6614
DOI:10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad006