Geostatistical analyses and hazard assessment on soil lead in Silvermines area, Ireland

Spatial distribution and hazard assessment of soil lead in the mining site of Silvermines, Ireland, were investigated using statistics, geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Positively skewed distribution and possible outlying values of Pb and other heavy metals were obse...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental pollution (1987) 2004-01, Vol.127 (2), p.239-248
Main Authors: McGrath, David, Zhang, Chaosheng, Carton, Owen T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Box-Cox transformation
Decontamination. Miscellaneous
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Engineering geology
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Exact sciences and technology
Geographic Information Systems
Geostatistics
Hazard assessment
Heavy metals
kriging
Kriging standard deviation
Lead
Lead (metal)
Lead - analysis
Mathematical models
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Mining
Models, Statistical
Pollution
Pollution, environment geology
Probability
Probability map
Safety Management - methods
Satellite navigation systems
Skewed distributions
Soil (material)
Soil and sediments pollution
Soil Pollutants - analysis
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Summary:Spatial distribution and hazard assessment of soil lead in the mining site of Silvermines, Ireland, were investigated using statistics, geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Positively skewed distribution and possible outlying values of Pb and other heavy metals were observed. Box–Cox transformation was applied in order to achieve normality in the data set and to reduce the effect of outliers. Geostatistical analyses were carried out, including calculation of experimental variograms and model fitting. The ordinary point kriging estimates of Pb concentration were mapped. Kriging standard deviations were regarded as the standard deviations of the interpolated pixel values, and a second map was produced, that quantified the probability of Pb concentration higher than a threshold value of 1000 mg/kg. These maps provide valuable information for hazard assessment and for decision support. A probability map was produced that was useful for hazard assessment and decision support.
ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2003.07.002