Psychosocial Impact of Lockdown on Children due to COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study

• Published in: Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health 2022, Vol.18 (1), p.e174501792203210-e174501792203210
• Main Authors: Alnamnakani, Mahdi, Alenezi, Shuliweeh, Temsah, Hani, Alothman, Mohamad, Murshid, Rozan Esam, Alonazy, Hana, Alqurashi, Haitham
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1745-0179; 1745-0179
• DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e2203210

Quarantine measures during the COVID-19 lockdown had a negative impact on children's psychology and development. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the psychological impact of quarantine on children due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia and to assess types of reported child maltreatment before and after the pandemic. A cross-sectional survey among parents was performed along with a retrospective data review for anonymized data from the National Family Safety Program, Saudi Arabia. 436 children participated in this survey during June-November 2020. The percentage of fathers with an organic or psychological illness in the children with elevated anxiety levels is 18.5% (p-value = 0.019). The anxiety level of the participants was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7). Based on the scores, 10.1% had severe anxiety. The depression level of the participants was assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Based on the scores, 4.4% had severe depression. The anxiety level of the children was assessed using Spence Children's Anxiety Scale - Parent (SCAS-Parent). Based on the overall score, 28.1% of the children had elevated anxiety levels. The anxiety level was elevated in a panic attack and agoraphobia for 36.8% of the kids, in separation anxiety for 26.8%, in physical injury fears for 35.1%, in social phobia for 19%, in obsessive-compulsive for 25.1%, and in generalized anxiety disorder/overanxious for 27.3%. Quarantine and lockdown during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic have had a negative impact and many adverse effects on the mental and intellectual development of children. These negative outcomes may be addressed well-planned multilevel interventions.