Eggshell composition of Amazon turtle (Podocnemis expansa) is altered after incubation in substrates containing glyphosate and fipronil formulations

• Published in: The Science of the total environment 2023-10, Vol.893, p.164901-164901, Article 164901
• Main Authors: Mendonça, Juliana dos Santos, Vieira, Lucélia Gonçalves, Hirano, Líria Queiroz Luz, Qualhato, Gabriel, Almeida, Julio Cesar Neves de, Santos, André Luiz Quagliatto, Fernandes, Evandro de Abreu, Malafaia, Guilherme, Andrade, Denis Vieira
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amazon turtle; Animals; Bromatology; Ecotoxicology; Egg Shell; Fipronil; Glyphosate; Pesticides; Turtles
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164901

Besides its crucial role during embryo development, eggshells are an essential bioindicator of environmental contaminants. However, the effects of contaminant exposure during incubation on the eggshell composition remain poorly known for freshwater turtles. Accordingly, we tested the effects of incubating the eggs of Podocnemis expansa in substrates containing glyphosate and fipronil formulations on the eggshell's level of mineral and dry matter, crude protein, nitrogen, and ethereal extract. Eggs were incubated in sand moistened with water contaminated with glyphosate Atar 48 at concentrations of 65 or 6500 μg/L, fipronil Regent 800 WG at concentrations of 4 or 400 μg/L, or the combination of 65 μg/L glyphosate and 4 μg/L fipronil and 6500 μg/L glyphosate with 400 μg/L fipronil. Exposure to the tested pesticides, alone or in association, altered the chemical composition of the eggshell of P. expansa, reducing the eggshell's moisture and crude protein content and increasing levels of ethereal extract. These changes may cause significant deficiencies in the mobilization of water and nutrients to the embryo, affecting the development and reproductive success of P. expansa. [Display omitted] •Eggshell composition of Amazon turtle after exposure to fipronil and glyphosate is evaluated.•Exposure to the pesticides, alone or in association, altered the chemical composition of the eggshell of P. expansa.•Fipronil and glyphosate reduced the eggshell's moisture and crude protein content.•Tested pesticide-induced increase of ethereal extract levels in eggshell of Amazon turtle.