The role of extracellular vesicles in iron homeostasis and ferroptosis: Focus on musculoskeletal diseases

Iron homeostasis is crucial for maintaining proper cellular function, and its disruption is considered one of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying musculoskeletal diseases. Under conditions of oxidative stress, the accumulation of cellular iron overload and lipid peroxidation can lead to ferroptosis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) Denmark), 2023-09, Vol.24 (9), p.384-396
Main Authors: Liao, Zhiwei, Tong, Bide, Ou, Zixuan, Wei, Junyu, Lei, Ming, Yang, Cao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell interactions
Extracellular Vesicles
Ferroptosis
Homeostasis
Humans
Iron
Lipid peroxidation
Musculoskeletal diseases
Musculoskeletal Diseases - therapy
Oxidative stress
Therapeutic applications
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Summary:Iron homeostasis is crucial for maintaining proper cellular function, and its disruption is considered one of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying musculoskeletal diseases. Under conditions of oxidative stress, the accumulation of cellular iron overload and lipid peroxidation can lead to ferroptosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), serving as mediators in the cell‐to‐cell communication, play an important role in regulating the outcome of cell ferroptosis. Growing evidence has proven that EV biogenesis and secretion are tightly associated with cellular iron export. Furthermore, different sources of EVs deliver diverse cargoes to bring about phenotypic changes in the recipient cells, either activating or inhibiting ferroptosis. Thus, delivering therapies targeting ferroptosis through EVs may hold significant potential for treating musculoskeletal diseases. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the role of EVs in iron homeostasis and ferroptosis, as well as their therapeutic applications in musculoskeletal diseases, and thereby provide valuable insights for both research and clinical practice. Under the lipid ROS circumstance, the release of EVs increases and these EVs contains diverse iron‐related proteins, such as Ferritin, TF, TFRC and DMT1. This form of iron export based on EVs helps to maintain iron homeostasis and protect cell against ferroptosis. Besides, some damaged lysosomes or mitochondria are also engulfed into MVB which alleviates the oxidative stress.
ISSN:1398-9219
1600-0854
DOI:10.1111/tra.12905