Olfactory decoding is positively associated with ad libitum food intake in sated humans

The role of olfaction in eating behavior and body weight regulation is controversial. Here we reanalyzed data from a previous functional magnetic resonance imaging study to test whether central olfactory coding is associated with hunger/satiety state, food intake, and change in body weight over one...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Appetite 2023-01, Vol.180, p.106351-106351, Article 106351
Main Authors: Perszyk, Emily E., Davis, Xue S., Small, Dana M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
amygdala
body weight changes
cortex
Eating
fMRI
food intake
Humans
hunger
Intake
magnetism
Multi-voxel pattern analysis
Obesity
odors
Olfaction
Research Design
Satiety
smell
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Summary:The role of olfaction in eating behavior and body weight regulation is controversial. Here we reanalyzed data from a previous functional magnetic resonance imaging study to test whether central olfactory coding is associated with hunger/satiety state, food intake, and change in body weight over one year in healthy human adults. Since odor quality and category are coded across distributed neural patterns that are not discernible with traditional univariate analyses, we used multi-voxel pattern analyses to decode patterns of brain activation to food versus nonfood odors. We found that decoding accuracies in the piriform cortex and amygdala were greater in the sated compared to hungry state. Sated decoding accuracies in these and other regions were also associated with post-scan ad libitum food intake, but not with weight change. These findings demonstrate that the fidelity of olfactory decoding is influenced by meal consumption and is associated with immediate food intake, but not longer-term body weight regulation.
ISSN:0195-6663
1095-8304
DOI:10.1016/j.appet.2022.106351