The impact of donor biological variation on the quality and function of cold‐stored platelets

• Published in: Vox sanguinis 2023-09, Vol.118 (9), p.730-737
• Main Authors: Lorusso, Alice, Croxon, Harry, Faherty‐O'Donnell, Sarah, Field, Stephen, Fitzpatrick, Áine, Farrelly, Aileen, Hervig, Tor, Waters, Allison
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: apheresis platelets; Apoptosis; Blood; Blood platelets; BMI; Body mass; Body mass index; Body size; Cold storage; donor biological variation; haemostatic function; Platelets; Quality assessment; Room temperature; Shelf life; Statistical analysis; Swirling
• ISSN: 0042-9007; 1423-0410; 1423-0410
• DOI: 10.1111/vox.13495

Background and Objectives Room temperature‐stored platelets (RTPs) maximize platelet viability but limit shelf life. The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of donor variability on cold‐stored platelets (CSPs) and RTP, to determine whether RTP quality markers are appropriate for CSP. Materials and Methods Double platelet donations (n = 10) were collected from consented regular male donors stored in 100% plasma. A full blood count, donor age, weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were collected at the time of donation. Platelet donations were split equally into two bags, and assigned to non‐agitated CSP or agitated RTP. The quality and function of platelets were assessed throughout the standard 7 days of storage and at expiry (day 8). Non‐parametric statistical analyses were used to analyse results given the small sample size. Results As expected, there were significant differences between CSP and RTP throughout storage including a reduction in CSP concentration as well as a loss of swirling. Furthermore, a significant increase in CSP exhibiting activation and apoptotic markers was observed. Platelet concentrations were further impacted by donor BMI, and donors with the highest BMI (>29) had the lowest platelet concentration and activation response at the end of CSP storage. Conclusion Platelet quality and functionality play a vital role in transfusion outcomes; however, blood components are inherently variable. This study demonstrated, for the first time, the specific impact of donor BMI on CSP quality and function and highlights the requirement for novel quality markers for assessing CSPs.