Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for in vivo RNA delivery and their breakthrough technology for future applications

RNA therapeutics show a significant breakthrough for the treatment of incurable diseases and genetic disorders by regulating disease-related gene expression. We discuss the current developments of LNPs and introduce breakthrough technologies that might overcome these challenges in future application...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced drug delivery reviews 2023-09, Vol.200, p.114990-114990, Article 114990
Main Authors: Jeong, Michaela, Lee, Yeji, Park, Jeongeun, Jung, Hyein, Lee, Hyukjin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Extrahepatic delivery
lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)
Repeated dose
RNA therapeutics
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Summary:RNA therapeutics show a significant breakthrough for the treatment of incurable diseases and genetic disorders by regulating disease-related gene expression. We discuss the current developments of LNPs and introduce breakthrough technologies that might overcome these challenges in future applications. [Display omitted] RNA therapeutics show a significant breakthrough for the treatment of otherwise incurable diseases and genetic disorders by regulating disease-related gene expression. The successful development of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines further emphasizes the potential of RNA therapeutics in the prevention of infectious diseases as well as in the treatment of chronic diseases. However, the efficient delivery of RNA into cells remains a challenge, and nanoparticle delivery systems such as lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are necessary to fully realize the potential of RNA therapeutics. While LNPs provide a highly efficient platform for the in vivo delivery of RNA by overcoming various biological barriers, several challenges remain to be resolved for further development and regulatory approval. These include a lack of targeted delivery to extrahepatic organs and a gradual loss of therapeutic potency with repeated doses. In this review, we highlight the fundamental aspects of LNPs and their uses in the development of novel RNA therapeutics. Recent advances in LNP-based therapeutics and preclinical/clinical studies are overviewed. Lastly, we discuss the current limitations of LNPs and introduce breakthrough technologies that might overcome these challenges in future applications.
ISSN:0169-409X
1872-8294
DOI:10.1016/j.addr.2023.114990