Liquid extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma strongly predicts a poor prognosis and is associated with bortezomib resistance gene upregulation

•We defined liquid EMD in patients with ME different from solid EMD in terms of clinical manifestation and disease process.•Patients with ME relapse were associated with poorer EFS and OS than patients with EMD relapse without ME.•We discovered several bortezomib resistance genes were highly express...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinica chimica acta 2023-08, Vol.548, p.117497-117497, Article 117497
Main Authors: Ji, Jiamei, Guo, Rui, Ma, Jie, Cui, Yunqi, Li, Yating, Sun, Zhengxu, Li, Jianyong, Fan, Lei, Qu, Xiaoyan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Daratumumab
Liquid extramedullary disease
Multiple myeloma
Myelomatous effusion
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Summary:•We defined liquid EMD in patients with ME different from solid EMD in terms of clinical manifestation and disease process.•Patients with ME relapse were associated with poorer EFS and OS than patients with EMD relapse without ME.•We discovered several bortezomib resistance genes were highly expressed in extramedullary plasma cells of ME patients. Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) relapse with extramedullary disease (EMD) exhibits an aggressive disease course and poor prognostic features. Myelomatous effusion (ME) is a rare subtype of EMD. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the baseline characteristics and therapies of 14 EMD patients relapse with ME and 21 EMD patients relapse without ME. Patients with ME relapse demonstrated higher concentrations of serum lactate dehydrogenase, a higher fraction in the International Staging System stage III, and poorer event-free survival (EFS) (9.3 vs. 36.57 months; P = 0.0013) and overall survival (OS) (12.06 vs. 42.64 months; P 
ISSN:0009-8981
1873-3492
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2023.117497