Tourette Syndrome and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Comprehensive Review of Structural Alterations and Neurological Mechanisms

Currently, it is possible to study the pathogenesis of Tourette’s syndrome (TS) in more detail, due to more advanced methods of neuroimaging. However, medical and surgical treatment options are limited by a lack of understanding of the nature of the disorder and its relationship to some psychiatric...

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Published in:Behavioural brain research 2023-09, Vol.453, p.114606-114606, Article 114606
Main Authors: Shitova, Anna D, Zharikova, Tatyana S, Kovaleva, Olga N, Luchina, Anastasia M, Aktemirov, Arthur S, Olsufieva, Anna V, Sinelnikov, Mikhail Y, Pontes-Silva, André, Zharikov, Yury O
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylcholine
Basal Ganglia
Cortico-Striato-Thalamo-Cortical Circuits
Deep Brain Stimulation
GABA
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Tourette Syndrome
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Summary:Currently, it is possible to study the pathogenesis of Tourette’s syndrome (TS) in more detail, due to more advanced methods of neuroimaging. However, medical and surgical treatment options are limited by a lack of understanding of the nature of the disorder and its relationship to some psychiatric disorders, the most common of which is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It is believed that the origin of chronic tic disorders is based on an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory influences in the Cortico-Striato-Thalamo-Cortical circuits (CSTC). The main CSTCs involved in the pathological process have been identified by studying structural and neurotransmitter disturbances in the interaction between the cortex and the basal ganglia. A neurotransmitter deficiency in CSTC has been demonstrated by immunohistochemical and genetic methods, but it is still not known whether it arises as a consequence of genetically determined disturbances of neuronal migration during ontogenesis or as a consequence of altered production of proteins involved in neurotransmitter production. The aim of this review is to describe current ideas about the comorbidity of TS with OCD, the involvement of CSTC in the pathogenesis of both disorders and the background of structural and neurotransmitter changes in CSTC that may serve as targets for drug and neuromodulatory treatments. Data suggest regular structural abnormalities of the components of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit, which may indicate the disembryogenetic nature of these diseases.
ISSN:0166-4328
1872-7549
DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114606