A sex-based analysis of 5-year outcomes following stenting for the treatment of aorto-iliac occlusive disease

• Published in: Vascular 2024-12, Vol.32 (6), p.1403-1409
• Main Authors: Mwipatayi, Bibombe Patrice, Barry, Ian Patrick, Hanna, Joseph, Macarulay, Reane, Wong, Jackie, Thomas, Shannon, Vijayan, Vikram, Puttaswamy, Vikram, Ward, Natalie C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Angioplasty, Balloon - adverse effects; Angioplasty, Balloon - instrumentation; Angioplasty, Balloon - mortality; Aortic Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Aortic Diseases - mortality; Aortic Diseases - physiopathology; Aortic Diseases - therapy; Arterial Occlusive Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Arterial Occlusive Diseases - mortality; Arterial Occlusive Diseases - physiopathology; Arterial Occlusive Diseases - surgery; Arterial Occlusive Diseases - therapy; Constriction, Pathologic; Female; Health Status Disparities; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; Iliac Artery - diagnostic imaging; Iliac Artery - physiopathology; Iliac Artery - surgery; Male; Metals; Middle Aged; Peripheral Arterial Disease - diagnosis; Peripheral Arterial Disease - diagnostic imaging; Peripheral Arterial Disease - mortality; Peripheral Arterial Disease - physiopathology; Peripheral Arterial Disease - therapy; Prosthesis Design; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Stents; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Patency
• ISSN: 1708-5381; 1708-539X; 1708-539X
• DOI: 10.1177/17085381231194152

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sex on mid-term outcomes following stenting for aorto-iliac occlusive disease (AIOD). Methods The Covered versus Balloon Expandable Stent Trial (COBEST) compared the safety and efficacy of the covered stent (CS) with those of the bare metal stent (BMS) in the treatment of hemodynamically significant AIOD. It was identified that CS provided a significant benefit. The primary endpoint of our analysis was the rate of primary patency 5 years following stenting for AIOD (inclusive of both CS and BMS) in both sexes. Results Of the 168 lesions treated, 103 (61%) were present in men and 65 (39%) were present in women. Of the concomitant comorbidities, diabetes mellitus was significantly more common in women (17.5% vs 41.5%, p = .006). Although chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) at the time of intervention was more common in women, the difference was not significant (16.5% vs 24.6%, p = .395). Sex was not associated with the primary patency rate (male; 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.23–2.19, p = .543). When considering both male sex and the utilization of BMS, no significant impact was found on the primary patency rate (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.43, 95% CI: 0.69–17.10, p = .133). All-cause mortality at 60 months was 22.6% in men compared to 19.4% in women (p = .695). Conclusions No significant difference was identified in the primary patency rate between the sexes. Further investigation is warranted to ascertain whether sex-specific interventional guidelines are required in this regard.