Pertussis antibodies and vaccination coverage among healthcare professionals in Brazil is inadequate: A cross-sectional serological study

Worldwide, tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination coverage of healthcare professionals (HCPs) is below 40%, but this data is not available for Brazil. We hypothesize that a high number of HCPs are not immune to pertussis in Brazil. Main objective was to determine the seroprevalenc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccine 2023-09, Vol.41 (39), p.5769-5774
Main Authors: Cardona, Rita Soares Barbosa, Weckx, Lily Yin, de Moraes-Pinto, Maria Isabel, Ramos, Bárbara Cristina Ferreira, Dos Santos, Andréia Regina Augusto, Spina, Fernanda Garcia, de Araújo, Beatriz Collaço, Clemens, Ralf, Clemens, Sue Ann Costa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Chi-square test
Confidence intervals
Diphtheria
Health care
Hospitals
Immunization
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulins
Infections
Medical personnel
Pertussis
Pertussis toxin
Regression analysis
Serology
Sociodemographics
Statistical analysis
Tetanus
Toxins
Vaccination
Vaccines
Whooping cough
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Summary:Worldwide, tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination coverage of healthcare professionals (HCPs) is below 40%, but this data is not available for Brazil. We hypothesize that a high number of HCPs are not immune to pertussis in Brazil. Main objective was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-pertussis toxin (anti-PT IgG) among HCPs. Secondary objectives were to evaluate Tdap vaccination coverage, to assess predictive factors associated with anti-PT IgG, and to estimate the decay of anti-PT IgG and time to Tdap vaccination. Observational cross-sectional serological study in 352 HCPs who worked at São Paulo Hospital - Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) in 2020, approved by UNIFESP Ethics Committee. Data collected included sociodemographics, knowledge about Tdap, and vaccination status. Anti-PT IgG were quantified by ELISA: 50 IU/mL high positivity, indicating recent B. pertussis infection or Tdap vaccination, and > 100 IU/mL as acute B. pertussis infection or Tdap vaccination in the previous year. Comparisons were done by Chi-square test, multivariable logistic regression, and Pearsońs correlation, at 5% p-level. 331/352 HCPs were not aware the Brazilian National Immunization Program recommends Tdap for all HCPs and pregnant women. 68/339 HCPs received Tdap (mean 3.1 ± 2.0 years). 55/352 were seronegative for pertussis, all unvaccinated. 56/271 with no history of Tdap vaccination had high positivity. The probability of anti-PT IgG > 50 IU/mL was 11.5 times higher in Tdap vaccinated HCPs than in non-vaccinated (p 
ISSN:0264-410X
1873-2518
DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.008