The Longitudinal Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Adiposity With Clustered Cardiometabolic Risk: A Mediation Analysis

Previous literature has demonstrated the mediating role of adiposity in the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic risk as well as the potential role of CRF in attenuating the adverse consequences associated with excess weight. This study aimed to evaluate the mediat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric exercise science 2024-05, Vol.36 (2), p.75-82
Main Authors: Silveira, João Francisco de Castro, Brand, Caroline, Welser, Letícia, Gaya, Anelise Reis, Burns, Ryan Donald, Pfeiffer, Karin Allor, Lima, Rodrigo Antunes, Andersen, Lars Bo, Reuter, Cézane Priscila, Pohl, Hildegard Hedwig
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiposity
Adolescent
Body Mass Index
Cardiorespiratory Fitness - physiology
Cardiovascular Diseases
Child
Cholesterol
Female
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Mediation Analysis
Obesity
Physical Fitness
Risk Factors
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Summary:Previous literature has demonstrated the mediating role of adiposity in the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic risk as well as the potential role of CRF in attenuating the adverse consequences associated with excess weight. This study aimed to evaluate the mediating role of CRF and adiposity in the possible association with cardiometabolic risk. Observational 3-year longitudinal study that included 420 children and adolescents (10.50 [2.05] y of age at baseline; 56.2% girls). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and CRF was evaluated using field assessments. A clustered cardiometabolic risk score (cMetS) was calculated from glucose, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and triglycerides z scores. Analyses evaluated the mediating role of BMI in the association between CRF and cMetS as well as whether CRF mediated the association between BMI and cMetS. BMI at baseline was directly associated with the cMetS at follow-up (0.102; 95% confidence interval, 0.020 to 0.181), independently of CRF, whereas CRF was only indirectly associated with cMetS at follow-up through BMI (-0.036; 95% confidence interval, -0.070 to -0.009), meaning that the association between CRF and cMetS was explained via the mediation role of BMI. BMI presented direct association with cMetS, whereas CRF exhibited indirect association with cMetS mediated via BMI.
ISSN:0899-8493
1543-2920
DOI:10.1123/pes.2022-0073