Dual effect of light and ultrasound for efficient singlet oxygen generation with novel diaxial silicon phthalocyanine sensitizer

To treat a life‐threatening disease like cancer, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) methods were combined into sono‐photodynamic therapy (SPDT) as an effective therapeutic solution. Each day, the usage of phthalocyanine sensitizers increases in the therapeutic applications as t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Photochemistry and photobiology 2024-01, Vol.100 (1), p.52-66
Main Authors: Köse, Gülşah Gümrükçü, Erdoğmuş, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
anticancer
Chemical analysis
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
In vivo methods and tests
Indoles
Light effects
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Organosilicon Compounds
Oxygen
Photochemicals
Photochemotherapy
Photodynamic therapy
Photosensitizing Agents - chemistry
Photosensitizing Agents - therapeutic use
Reactive oxygen species
Silicon
silicon(IV) phthalocyanine
Singlet oxygen
Singlet Oxygen - chemistry
sono‐photodynamic therapy
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Synthesis
Tetrahydrofuran
Therapeutic applications
Toluene
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Summary:To treat a life‐threatening disease like cancer, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) methods were combined into sono‐photodynamic therapy (SPDT) as an effective therapeutic solution. Each day, the usage of phthalocyanine sensitizers increases in the therapeutic applications as they have the ability to produce more reactive oxygen species. In this context, a new diaxially silicon phthalocyanine sensitizer, containing triazole and tert‐butyl groups, was synthesized. After elucidating the structure of the complex with elemental analysis, FT‐IR, UV–Vis, MALDI–TOF MS and 1H NMR, its photophysical, photochemical and sono‐photochemical properties were examined. When singlet oxygen generation capacity of the new synthesized silicon phthalocyanine complex was determined and compared among photochemical (PDT; ФΔ = 0.59 in DMSO, 0.44 in THF, 0.47 in toluene) and sonophotochemical (SPDT; ФΔ = 0.88 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 0.60 in tetrahydrofuran (THF), 0.65 in toluene) methods, it can be said that the complex is a successful sono‐photosensitizer that can be used as a good SPDT agent in vitro or in vivo future studies. When sono‐photochemical and photochemical methods are compared, it is seen that sono‐photochemical studies are much more advantageous in terms of singlet oxygen yield.
ISSN:0031-8655
1751-1097
DOI:10.1111/php.13834