Assessment of urban sprawls, amenities, and indifferences of LST and AOD in sub-urban area: a case study of Jammu

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2023-10, Vol.30 (49), p.107179-107198
• Main Authors: Varade, Divyesh, Singh, Hemant, Singh, Abhinav Pratap, Awasthi, Shubham
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; City centres; Climate change; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Endangered species; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental Impacts and Consequences of Urban Sprawl; Foothills; Land cover; Land surface temperature; Land use; Landsat; Landsat satellites; Optical analysis; Optical thickness; Parameterization; Parameters; Quality assessment; Remote sensing; Satellite imagery; Urban areas; Urban environments; Urban sprawl; Urbanization; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 1614-7499; 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26481-9

Urbanization, particularly in peri-urban areas, often results in critically transforming the regional land use and land cover (LULC). The increased built-up in peri-urban areas affects the regional accessibility of residents of urban clusters to requisite amenities and severely affects the regional environment, as observed in the case of Jammu district situated in the foothills of the Indian Himalayas. The present study is aimed at assessing the rise of urban sprawls in Jammu district over the past two decades and how the urbanization has affected the lag in the number of amenities corresponding to the urban growth based on qualitative parameters. Further, a parameterization scheme is developed to assess the amenities quality. A comparison is made with Indore, a planned smart city, to assess the status of urbanization and residential quality based on an amenity index. The study also investigates the indifferences observed in some of the climate variables in the urban and sub-urban settings of the Jammu district. The investigation is conducted through a multi-ring buffer analysis approach utilizing the land use land cover (LULC) products based on Landsat 8/7 satellite imagery of 2002, 2013, and 2021. The indifferences in the settings are analyzed using MODIS aerosol optical depth (AOD) and land surface temperature (LST) products. The analysis leads to determination of critical urban parameters including the urban area, density, and growth rate, revealing significant urbanization at 25–27 km from the city center. Significant indifferences are observed in urban and sub-urban areas indicating higher rise in LST and AOD, particularly in the recent decade. These investigations provide critical information to urban and climate solution authorities for planning and management, particularly in critically endangered areas.