Calprotectin and periostin levels in periodontitis patients with coronary artery disease

• Published in: Oral diseases 2024-05, Vol.30 (4), p.2625-2634
• Main Authors: Mahendra, Jaideep, Muralidharan, Janani, Srinivasan, Sruthi, Mahendra, Little, Cherian, Sanjay M., Fathima, Lubna, Prakash, Prashanthi, Namasivayam, Ambalavanan, Dave, Pavithra H., Bedi, Muskan, Muralidharan, Harini
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; biomarkers; calprotectin; Cardiovascular disease; Case-Control Studies; Cell Adhesion Molecules - analysis; Cell Adhesion Molecules - metabolism; Coronary artery disease; Coronary Artery Disease - complications; Coronary Artery Disease - metabolism; Coronary vessels; Demographics; Female; GCF; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - chemistry; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - metabolism; Gum disease; Heart; Heart diseases; Humans; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex - analysis; Male; Medical diagnosis; Middle Aged; non‐surgical periodontal therapy; Periodontics; Periodontitis; Periodontitis - complications; Periodontitis - metabolism; Periostin; Vein & artery diseases
• ISSN: 1354-523X; 1601-0825; 1601-0825
• DOI: 10.1111/odi.14686

Objective The aim of the study was to assess the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on periodontal and cardiac parameters as well as on the expression of calprotectin and periostin levels in periodontitis patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Ninety subjects were categorised into three groups: Group H: periodontally and systemically healthy subjects, Group P: stage III grade B periodontitis subjects with no associated systemic diseases and Group P + CAD: stage III grade B periodontitis subjects diagnosed with CAD. Demographic, periodontal and cardiac parameters were recorded at baseline (0 day) and on the 180th day after NSPT. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from all participants at baseline (0 day) and after the 180th day. Calprotectin and periostin expression were reassessed. Results A significant increase in the levels of calprotectin (34.05 ± 11.72) was seen at baseline in the P + CAD group, whereas on the contrary, a decreased periostin (1.59 ± 0.41) was also noted at baseline. The study also showed a significant improvement in periodontal and cardiac parameters on the 180th day following NSPT. Conclusion Detection of calprotectin and periostin expression in GCF samples could represent a link to the association of periodontitis and CAD.