Oligopeptide/Histidine Transporter PHT1 and PHT2 — Function, Regulation, and Pathophysiological Implications Specifically in Immunoregulation

The oligopeptide/histidine transporters PHT1 and PHT2, two mammalian solute carrier family 15A proteins, mediate the transmembrane transport of histidine and some di/tripeptides via proton gradient. PHT1 and PHT2 are distributed in a variety of tissues but are preferentially expressed in immune cell...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutical research 2023-11, Vol.40 (11), p.2585-2596
Main Authors: Dong, Minlei, Li, Ping, Luo, Jun, Chen, Binxin, Jiang, Huidi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Animals
B cells
Biochemistry
Biological research
Biological Transport - physiology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biomedicine
Brain research
Chromosomes
Cloning
Dendritic cells
Drug development
Histidine
Homeostasis
Immunological diseases
Immunoregulation
Inflammatory diseases
Kinases
Mammals - metabolism
Medical Law
Membrane Transport Proteins - metabolism
Oligopeptides - metabolism
Organelles
Pharmaceuticals
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Pharmacy
Physiology
Protein transport
Proteins
Protons
Review Article
Spleen
Symporters - metabolism
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Summary:The oligopeptide/histidine transporters PHT1 and PHT2, two mammalian solute carrier family 15A proteins, mediate the transmembrane transport of histidine and some di/tripeptides via proton gradient. PHT1 and PHT2 are distributed in a variety of tissues but are preferentially expressed in immune cells and localize to the lysosome-related organelles. Studies have reported the relationships between PHT1/PHT2 and immune diseases. PHT1 and PHT2 participate in the regulation of lysosomal homeostasis and lysosome-associated signaling pathways through their transport and nontransport functions, playing important roles in inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize recent research on PHT1 and PHT2, aiming to provide reference for their further biological research and as targets for drug design.
ISSN:0724-8741
1573-904X
DOI:10.1007/s11095-023-03589-8