Pelvic arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with recurrent hematuria: A case report

INTRODUCTIONArteriovenous malformation (AVM) leads to a direct connection between arterial and venous networks, in which capillary branches are not involved. Pelvic AVM is a benign and rare condition causing severe pain, hematuria, and rectal or vaginal bleeding. CASE PRESENTATIONA 36-year-old woman...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of surgery case reports 2023, Vol.110, p.108701-108701
Main Authors: Nazari, Iraj, Zargar, Mohammad Amin, Panahi, Pegah, Alavi, Seyed Mohammad Amin
Format: Report
Language:English
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Summary:INTRODUCTIONArteriovenous malformation (AVM) leads to a direct connection between arterial and venous networks, in which capillary branches are not involved. Pelvic AVM is a benign and rare condition causing severe pain, hematuria, and rectal or vaginal bleeding. CASE PRESENTATIONA 36-year-old woman presented with five months history of hematuria. Her medical history was unremarkable, and laboratory findings were all within normal ranges. Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a vascular mass in the left lateral pelvis that extended to the bladder neck and was suggestive of an AVM. The patient underwent a laparotomy for the resection of AVM. The first angiography revealed an AVM in the left internal iliac artery. The patient underwent embolization with coil and gel foam. The second angiography revealed complete obstruction of the left internal iliac artery due to multiple coils and AVM of the right internal iliac artery (RIIA), embolized with glue and lipiodol. A week later, venography revealed another left iliac vein malformation embolized with foam sclerotherapy. Forty days later, the third angiography revealed another AVM in the right iliac artery, embolized with three vials of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Following two months of follow-up, the symptoms did not return. DISCUSSIONThe present study reported a rare case of recurrent pelvic AVM causing painless hematuria in a female patient. The lesion was treated with several angioembolization sessions. CONCLUSIONAngioembolization is one of the main therapeutic options for AVM. Appropriate material should be precisely chosen for AVM embolization regarding the AVM's location, size, and condition.
ISSN:2210-2612
2210-2612
DOI:10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108701