A multicenter study of radiologically isolated syndrome in children and adolescents: Can we predict the course?

• Published in: Multiple sclerosis and related disorders 2023-11, Vol.79, p.104948-104948, Article 104948
• Main Authors: Yılmaz, Deniz, Teber, Serap, Gültutan, Pembe, Yıldırım, Miraç, Bektaş, Ömer, Alikılıç, Defne, Güngör, Mesut, Kara, Bülent, Öncel, İbrahim, Dilek, Tuğçe Damla, Saltık, Sema, Kanmaz, Seda, Yılmaz, Sanem, Tekgül, Hasan, Çavuşoğlu, Dilek, Karaoğlu, Pakize, Yılmaz, Ünsal, Orak, Sibğatullah Ali, Güngör, Olcay, Anlar, Banu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Multiple sclerosis; Pediatric; Radiologically isolated syndrome
• ISSN: 2211-0348; 2211-0356
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104948

•In this series, evolution to multiple sclerosis was 20% within median 11 months after detection of RIS.•The presence of CSF OCB is a biomarker for clinical evolution, with rates of 25% in the first year and 33.3% within the first two years, higher than cases with a follow-up period of ≥3 years and no OCB .•Longitudinal follow-up ≥3 years and analysis of CSF in combination with brain and spinal cord MRI are advisable in pediatric and adolescent RIS patients to predict the course. To evaluate clinical characteristics, imaging features and etiological profile of Radiologically Isolated Syndrome (RIS) along with clinical and radiological follow-up. Demographic, clinical and radiological data of patients younger than 18 years fulfilling the criteria for RIS were retrospectively analyzed. RIS was defined by the detection of lesions meeting the revised 2010 McDonald Criteria for dissemination in space on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the absence of any symptoms of demyelinating disease or an alternative cause for the MRI findings. There were total 69 patients (38 girls, 31 boys). The median age at index MRI was 15.7 years, and median follow-up time was 28 months. The most common reason for neuroimaging was headache (60.9%). A first clinical event occurred with median 11 months in 14/69 (20%) of cases. Those with oligoclonal bands (OCB) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and follow-up longer than 3 years were more likely to experience a clinical event (p