The role of indices in predicting disease severity and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

• Published in: Pediatrics international 2023-01, Vol.65 (1), p.e15609-n/a
• Main Authors: Coşkun, Serkan, Güngörer, Vildan, Öner, Nimet, Sezer, Müge, Karagöl, Cüneyt, Tekin, Zahide Ekici, Tekgöz, Pakize Nilüfer, Kaplan, Melike Mehveş, Polat, Merve Cansu, Çelikel, Elif, Acar, Banu Çelikel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Child; Conjunctivitis; C‐reactive protein/albumin ratio; disease severity; Gastrointestinal tract; Humans; Inflammation; Intensive care; Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Lymphocytes; Monocytes; Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio; Neutrophils; Patient Acuity; Patients; Pediatrics; Retrospective Studies; Rheumatology; systemic immune inflammation index; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - diagnosis; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - therapy
• ISSN: 1328-8067; 1442-200X
• DOI: 10.1111/ped.15609

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), C‐reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), the monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting disease severity, treatment, and prognosis in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C). Methods This medical record review retrospectively evaluated the clinical and laboratory findings of 191 MIS‐C patients followed in the Department of Pediatric Rheumatology at Ankara City Hospital, Turkey. The patients were grouped by disease severity: mild, moderate, and severe. SII, CAR, MLR, and NLR were calculated for each group. Results All patients had fever at the time of admission; 153 (80.1%) had gastrointestinal tract involvement, 74 (38.7%) had rash, 63 (33%) had conjunctivitis, 107 (56%) had cardiac involvement, 32 (15.6%) had renal involvement, and 143 (74.9%) had hematological involvement. According to logistic regression analysis, SII, NLR, MLR, and CAR were found to be predictive indexes for disease severity, need for intensive care, need for inotropes, and anakinra treatment in MIS‐C. The cut‐off values of ≥1605.3 for SII, ≥9.1 for NLR, and ≥3.9 for CAR increased the risk of severe disease by 3.4, 7.1, and 5.7 times, respectively. Conclusion NLR, SII, MLR, and CAR are effective and useful for predicting the severity of MIS‐C, the need for intensive care, and the need for anakinra treatment.