Preliminary pharmacokinetics and patient experience of jet-injected dexmedetomidine in healthy adults

Jet injection is a drug delivery system without a needle. A compressed liquid drug formulation pierces the skin, depos- iting the drug into the subcutaneous or intramuscular tissues. We investigated the pharmacokinetics and patient expe- rience of dexmedetomidine administered using jet injection in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anaesthesia and intensive care 2024-01, Vol.52 (1), p.37-44
Main Authors: Whittle, Nicola M, Sleigh, Jamie W, McKeage, James W, Termaat, Jonathan, Voss, Logan J, Anderson, Brian J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Anesthesia
Dexmedetomidine
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Economic aspects
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives
Injections, Jet
Patient Outcome Assessment
Patient satisfaction
Pharmacokinetics
Physiological effect
Pressure
Sedatives
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Summary:Jet injection is a drug delivery system without a needle. A compressed liquid drug formulation pierces the skin, depos- iting the drug into the subcutaneous or intramuscular tissues. We investigated the pharmacokinetics and patient expe- rience of dexmedetomidine administered using jet injection in six healthy adult study participants. This needleless jet injection device was used to administer dexmedetomidine 0.5 lg/kg to the subcutaneous tissues overlying the deltoid muscle. Serum concentrations of dexmedetomidine were assayed at approximately 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 4 hours after administration. Pharmacokinetic interrogation of concentration time profiles estimated an absorption half time for jet-injected dexmedetomidine of 21 minutes (coefficient of variation 69.4%) with a relative bioavailability assumed unity. In our samples the measured median peak (range) concentration was 0.164 lg/l (0.011-0.325 lg/l), observed in the sample taken at a median (range) of 13.5 minutes (11-30 minutes). The Richmond agitation sedation scale was used to assess the sedative effect, and scored 0 (alert and calm) or -1 (drowsy) in all participants. Five of the six participants stated they would prefer jet injection to needle injection in the future and one had no preference. The findings suggest that the use of a larger dose (>2 lg/kg) would be required to achieve the clinically relevant target concentration of 1 lg/l necessary to achieve deeper sedation (Richmond agitation sedation scale 3).
ISSN:0310-057X
1448-0271
DOI:10.1177/0310057X231178841