Obesity alters immunopathology in cancers and inflammatory diseases

Obesity is characterized by chronic low‐grade inflammation and is strongly associated with multiple immunological diseases, including cancer and inflammatory diseases. Recent animal studies revealed that obesity‐induced immunological changes worsen immune‐driven diseases and cause resistance to immu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Obesity reviews 2023-12, Vol.24 (12), p.e13638-e13638
Main Authors: Zhang, Xiaofen, Gao, Li, Meng, Haiyang, Zhang, Ailing, Liang, Yan, Lu, Jingli
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergic diseases
Animal diseases
Atopic dermatitis
Autoimmune diseases
Cancer
Dermatitis
Helper cells
Immune system
Immunological diseases
Immunology
Immunotherapy
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Inflammatory diseases
Inflammatory response
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Multiple sclerosis
Obesity
Psoriasis
Respiratory tract diseases
Rheumatoid arthritis
Skin diseases
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Summary:Obesity is characterized by chronic low‐grade inflammation and is strongly associated with multiple immunological diseases, including cancer and inflammatory diseases. Recent animal studies revealed that obesity‐induced immunological changes worsen immune‐driven diseases and cause resistance to immunotherapy. Here, we discuss the role of obesity in the immunopathology and treatment responses of cancers, respiratory and allergic diseases, and IL‐17‐mediated inflammatory diseases. We summarize the unique features of the inflammatory state of these diseases, which are orchestrated by obesity. In particular, obesity alters the immune landscape in cancers with a reprogrammed metabolic profile of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells. Obesity exacerbates airway inflammation by dysregulating multiple immune‐cell subsets. Obesity also dysregulates Th17, IL‐17‐producing mucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT), and γδ T cells, which contribute to IL‐17‐mediated inflammatory response in multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. By identifying the effects of obesity on immunological diseases, new strategies could be devised to target immune dysregulation caused by obesity.
ISSN:1467-7881
1467-789X
DOI:10.1111/obr.13638