The in-vitro development of novel enzyme-based chemo-mechanical caries removal agents

•Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme with a significant biological importance.•Bromelain is compatible chemically with type i collagen, chloramine and chlorhexidine.•Bromelain, chloramine and chlorhexidine can be efficiently used for removing dentine caries chemomechanically.•The new formulations with...

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Published in:Journal of dentistry 2023-11, Vol.138, p.104714-104714, Article 104714
Main Authors: Al-Badri, Huda, AL-Shammaree, Shatha A., Banerjee, Avijit, Al-Taee, Lamis A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bromelain enzyme
Chemo mechanical caries removal agents
Chloramine T
Chlorhexidine
Enzyme activity
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Summary:•Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme with a significant biological importance.•Bromelain is compatible chemically with type i collagen, chloramine and chlorhexidine.•Bromelain, chloramine and chlorhexidine can be efficiently used for removing dentine caries chemomechanically.•The new formulations with high viscosity, reduced time and number of applications will be useful in young and special need patients. Bromelain is a potent proteolytic enzyme that has a unique functionality makes it valuable for various therapeutic purposes. This study aimed to develop three novel formulations based on bromelain to be used as chemomechanical caries removal agents. The novel agents were prepared using different concentrations of bromelain (10–40 wt. %), with and without 0.1–0.3 wt. % chloramine T or 0.5–1.5 wt. % chlorhexidine (CHX). Based on the enzymatic activity test, three formulations were selected; 30 % bromelain (F1), 30 % bromelain-0.1 % chloramine (F2) and 30 % bromelain-1.5 % CHX (F3). The assessments included molecular docking, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), viscosity and pH measurements. The efficiency of caries removal was assessed by DIAGNOdent pen, measuring the excavation time and number of applications, followed by a morphological evaluation of the remaining dentine using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were compared to Brix 3000 as a control. The chloramine and chlorhexidine were chemically compatible with bromelain without compromising the enzyme activity. All experimental formulations showed higher viscosity and pH in comparison to Brix 3000. The DIAGNOdent readings were
ISSN:0300-5712
1879-176X
DOI:10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104714