Noise-induced hearing loss in the contralateral ear during otologic and neurotologic surgeries

• Published in: American journal of otolaryngology 2024-01, Vol.45 (1), p.104049-104049, Article 104049
• Main Authors: Hiss, Meghan M., Kaul, Vivian F., Riggs, William J., Chawla, Mehak, Munjal, Vikas, Varadarajan, Varun V., Adunka, Oliver F.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Contralateral ear hearing; Drilling; Neurotologic surgery; Noise induced hearing loss; Otologic surgery; Sensorineural hearing loss; Surgical drill
• ISSN: 0196-0709; 1532-818X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.104049

Noise-induced hearing loss in the non-surgical ear during otologic/neurotologic surgery has not been well studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in hearing that may occur in the contralateral (i.e., non-surgical) ear after various otologic/neurotologic surgeries due to noise generated by drills. We hypothesized that otologic/neurotologic surgeries, longer in duration, would suggest longer drilling times and result in decreased hearing in the contralateral ear as evidenced by a change post-operative pure tone air conduction thresholds when compared to pre-operative thresholds. A retrospective chart review at a tertiary referral center. Adult patients (18–75 years old) who underwent otologic/neurotologic surgeries from May 1, 2016 through May 1, 2021 were considered for inclusion. Surgeries included vestibular schwannoma resection (translabyrinthine, middle cranial fossa, or retrosigmoid approaches), endolymphatic sac/shunt and labyrinthectomy for Meniere's disease, and tympanomastoid surgery for middle ear pathology (e.g., cholesteatoma). Patient characteristics obtained through record review included age, sex, surgical procedure, pre-operative and post-operative audiometric thresholds and word recognition scores (WRS) for the contralateral ear, and duration of surgery. No significant differences were observed for change in audiometric thresholds in the contralateral ear for any surgery when considering individual frequencies. Additionally, no significant change in WRS was observed for any surgical approach. The risk of hearing loss in the non-surgical ear during various otologic/neurotologic surgeries appears to be minimal when measured via routine clinical tests.