New branched Porolithon species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from the Great Barrier Reef, Coral Sea, and Lord Howe Island

Porolithon is one of the most ecologically important genera of tropical and subtropical crustose (non‐geniculate) coralline algae growing abundantly along the shallow margins of coral reefs and functioning to cement reef frameworks. Thalli of branched, fruticose Porolithon specimens from the Indo‐Pa...

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Published in:Journal of phycology 2023-12, Vol.59 (6), p.1179-1201
Main Authors: Jeong, So Young, Gabrielson, Paul W., Hughey, Jeffery R., Hoey, Andrew S., Cho, Tae Oh, Abdul Wahab, Muhammad A., Diaz‐Pulido, Guillermo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidification
Algae
Barrier reefs
Coral Reefs
crustose coralline algae
Genera
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
morpho‐anatomy
New species
non‐geniculate coralline algae
Ocean acidification
Phialidium gardineri
Phylogeny
Physical characteristics
Porolithon
Porolithon castellum
Porolithon craspedium
Porolithon gardineri
Protuberances
psbA
rbcL
RbcL gene
Rhodophyta
Seawater
Sequencing
taxonomy
Thalli
Thallus
type specimen sequencing
Type specimens
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creator Jeong, So Young
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Diaz‐Pulido, Guillermo
description Porolithon is one of the most ecologically important genera of tropical and subtropical crustose (non‐geniculate) coralline algae growing abundantly along the shallow margins of coral reefs and functioning to cement reef frameworks. Thalli of branched, fruticose Porolithon specimens from the Indo‐Pacific Ocean traditionally have been called P. gardineri, while massive, columnar forms have been called P. craspedium. Sequence comparisons of the rbcL gene both from type specimens of P. gardineri and P. craspedium and from field‐collected specimens demonstrate that neither species is present in east Australia and instead resolve into four unique genetic lineages. Porolithon howensis sp. nov. forms columnar protuberances and loosely attached margins and occurs predominantly at Lord Howe Island; P. lobulatum sp. nov. has fruticose to clavate forms and free margins that are lobed and occurs in the Coral Sea and on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR); P. parvulum sp. nov. has short (
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Thalli of branched, fruticose Porolithon specimens from the Indo‐Pacific Ocean traditionally have been called P. gardineri, while massive, columnar forms have been called P. craspedium. Sequence comparisons of the rbcL gene both from type specimens of P. gardineri and P. craspedium and from field‐collected specimens demonstrate that neither species is present in east Australia and instead resolve into four unique genetic lineages. Porolithon howensis sp. nov. forms columnar protuberances and loosely attached margins and occurs predominantly at Lord Howe Island; P. lobulatum sp. nov. has fruticose to clavate forms and free margins that are lobed and occurs in the Coral Sea and on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR); P. parvulum sp. nov. has short (&lt;2 cm), unbranched protuberances and attached margins and is restricted to the central and southern GBR; and P. pinnaculum sp. nov. has a mountain‐like, columnar morphology and occurs on oceanic Coral Sea reefs. A rbcL gene sequence of the isotype of P. castellum demonstrates it is a different species from other columnar species. In addition to the diagnostic rbcL and psbA marker sequences, the four new species may be distinguished by a combination of features including thallus growth form, margin shape (attached or unattached), and medullary system (coaxial or plumose). Porolithon species, because of their ecological importance and sensitivity to ocean acidification, need urgent documentation of their taxonomic diversity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3646</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1529-8817</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13387</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37770245</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Acidification ; Algae ; Barrier reefs ; Coral Reefs ; crustose coralline algae ; Genera ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; morpho‐anatomy ; New species ; non‐geniculate coralline algae ; Ocean acidification ; Phialidium gardineri ; Phylogeny ; Physical characteristics ; Porolithon ; Porolithon castellum ; Porolithon craspedium ; Porolithon gardineri ; Protuberances ; psbA ; rbcL ; RbcL gene ; Rhodophyta ; Seawater ; Sequencing ; taxonomy ; Thalli ; Thallus ; type specimen sequencing ; Type specimens</subject><ispartof>Journal of phycology, 2023-12, Vol.59 (6), p.1179-1201</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Phycological Society of America.</rights><rights>2023 The Authors. 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ispartof Journal of phycology, 2023-12, Vol.59 (6), p.1179-1201
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subjects Acidification
Algae
Barrier reefs
Coral Reefs
crustose coralline algae
Genera
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
morpho‐anatomy
New species
non‐geniculate coralline algae
Ocean acidification
Phialidium gardineri
Phylogeny
Physical characteristics
Porolithon
Porolithon castellum
Porolithon craspedium
Porolithon gardineri
Protuberances
psbA
rbcL
RbcL gene
Rhodophyta
Seawater
Sequencing
taxonomy
Thalli
Thallus
type specimen sequencing
Type specimens
title New branched Porolithon species (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from the Great Barrier Reef, Coral Sea, and Lord Howe Island
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